English Language Dictionary

R () R, the eighteenth letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant. It is sometimes called a semivowel, and a liquid. See Guide to Pronunciation, // 178, 179, and 250-254.

Ra (n.) A roe; a deer.

Ra- () A prefix, from the Latin re and ad combined, coming to us through the French and Italian. See Re-, and Ad-.

Raash (n.) The electric catfish.

Rab (n.) A rod or stick used by masons in mixing hair with mortar.

Rabat (n.) A polishing material made of potter's clay that has failed in baking.

Rabate (v.) To recover to the fist, as a hawk.

Rabatine (n.) A collar or cape.

Rabato (n.) A kind of ruff for the neck; a turned-down collar; a rebato.

Rabbate (v. t.) To abate or diminish.

Rabbate (n.) Abatement.

Rabbeted (imp. & p. p.) of Rabbet

Rabbeting (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rabbet

Rabbet (v. t.) To cut a rabbet in; to furnish with a rabbet.

Rabbet (v. t.) To unite the edges of, as boards, etc., in a rabbet joint.

Rabbet (n.) A longitudinal channel, groove, or recess cut out of the edge or face of any body; especially, one intended to receive another member, so as to break or cover the joint, or more easily to hold the members in place; thus, the groove cut for a panel, for a pane of glass, or for a door, is a rabbet, or rebate.

Rabbet (n.) Same as Rabbet joint, below.

Rabbis (pl. ) of Rabbi

Rabbies (pl. ) of Rabbi

Rabbi (n.) Master; lord; teacher; -- a Jewish title of respect or honor for a teacher or doctor of the law.

Rabbin (n.) Same as Rabbi.

Rabbinic (a.) Alt. of Rabbinical

Rabbinical (a.) Of or pertaining to the rabbins or rabbis, or pertaining to the opinions, learning, or language of the rabbins.

Rabbinic (n.) The language or dialect of the rabbins; the later Hebrew.

Rabbinically (adv.) In a rabbinical manner; after the manner of the rabbins.

Rabbinism (n.) A rabbinic expression or phraseology; a peculiarity of the language of the rabbins.

Rabbinism (n.) The teachings and traditions of the rabbins.

Rabbinist (n.) One among the Jews who adhered to the Talmud and the traditions of the rabbins, in opposition to the Karaites, who rejected the traditions.

Rabbinite (n.) Same as Rabbinist.

Rabbit (n.) Any of the smaller species of the genus Lepus, especially the common European species (Lepus cuniculus), which is often kept as a pet, and has been introduced into many countries. It is remarkably prolific, and has become a pest in some parts of Australia and New Zealand.

Rabbiting (n.) The hunting of rabbits.

Rabbitry (n.) A place where rabbits are kept; especially, a collection of hutches for tame rabbits.

Rabble (n.) An iron bar, with the end bent, used in stirring or skimming molten iron in the process of puddling.

Rabble (v. t.) To stir or skim with a rabble, as molten iron.

Rabble (v. i.) To speak in a confused manner.

Rabble (v. i.) A tumultuous crowd of vulgar, noisy people; a mob; a confused, disorderly throng.

Rabble (v. i.) A confused, incoherent discourse; a medley of voices; a chatter.

Rabble (a.) Of or pertaining to a rabble; like, or suited to, a rabble; disorderly; vulgar.

Rabbled (imp. & p. p.) of Rabble

Rabbling (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rabble

Rabble (v. t.) To insult, or assault, by a mob; to mob; as, to rabble a curate.

Rabble (v. t.) To utter glibly and incoherently; to mouth without intelligence.

Rabble (v. t.) To rumple; to crumple.

Rabblement (n.) A tumultuous crowd of low people; a rabble.

Rabbler (n.) A scraping tool for smoothing metal.

Rabble-rout (n.) A tumultuous crowd; a rabble; a noisy throng.

Rabdoidal (a.) See Sagittal.

Rabdology (n.) The method or art of performing arithmetical operations by means of Napier's bones. See Napier's bones.

Rabdomancy (n.) Divination by means of rods or wands.

Rabid (n.) Furious; raging; extremely violent.

Rabid (n.) Extreme, unreasonable, or fanatical in opinion; excessively zealous; as, a rabid socialist.

Rabid (n.) Affected with the distemper called rabies; mad; as, a rabid dog or fox.

Rabid (n.) Of or pertaining to rabies, or hydrophobia; as, rabid virus.

Rabidity (n.) Rabidness; furiousness.

Rabidly (adv.) In a rabid manner; with extreme violence.

Rabidness (n.) The quality or state of being rabid.

Rabies (n.) Same as Hydrophobia (b); canine madness.

Rabinet (n.) A kind of small ordnance formerly in use.

Rabious (a.) Fierce.

Rabot (n.) A rubber of hard wood used in smoothing marble to be polished.

Raca (a.) A term of reproach used by the Jews of our Savior's time, meaning "worthless."

Racahout (n.) A preparation from acorns used by the Arabs as a substitute for chocolate, and also as a beverage for invalids.

Raccoon (n.) A North American nocturnal carnivore (Procyon lotor) allied to the bears, but much smaller, and having a long, full tail, banded with black and gray. Its body is gray, varied with black and white. Called also coon, and mapach.

Race (v. t.) To raze.

Race (n.) A root.

Race (n.) The descendants of a common ancestor; a family, tribe, people, or nation, believed or presumed to belong to the same stock; a lineage; a breed.

Race (n.) Company; herd; breed.

Race (n.) A variety of such fixed character that it may be propagated by seed.

Race (n.) Peculiar flavor, taste, or strength, as of wine; that quality, or assemblage of qualities, which indicates origin or kind, as in wine; hence, characteristic flavor; smack.

Race (n.) Hence, characteristic quality or disposition.

Race (n.) A progress; a course; a movement or progression.

Race (n.) Esp., swift progress; rapid course; a running.

Race (n.) Hence: The act or process of running in competition; a contest of speed in any way, as in running, riding, driving, skating, rowing, sailing; in the plural, usually, a meeting for contests in the running of horses; as, he attended the races.

Race (n.) Competitive action of any kind, especially when prolonged; hence, career; course of life.

Race (n.) A strong or rapid current of water, or the channel or passage for such a current; a powerful current or heavy sea, sometimes produced by the meeting of two tides; as, the Portland Race; the Race of Alderney.

Race (n.) The current of water that turns a water wheel, or the channel in which it flows; a mill race.

Race (n.) A channel or guide along which a shuttle is driven back and forth, as in a loom, sewing machine, etc.

Raced (imp. & p. p.) of Race

Racing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Race

Race (v. i.) To run swiftly; to contend in a race; as, the animals raced over the ground; the ships raced from port to port.

Race (v. i.) To run too fast at times, as a marine engine or screw, when the screw is lifted out of water by the action of a heavy sea.

Race (v. t.) To cause to contend in a race; to drive at high speed; as, to race horses.

Race (v. t.) To run a race with.

Racemate (n.) A salt of racemic acid.

Racemation (n.) A cluster or bunch, as of grapes.

Racemation (n.) Cultivation or gathering of clusters of grapes.

Raceme (n.) A flower cluster with an elongated axis and many one-flowered lateral pedicels, as in the currant and chokecherry.

Racemed (a.) Arranged in a raceme, or in racemes.

Racemic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in many kinds of grapes. It is also obtained from tartaric acid, with which it is isomeric, and from sugar, gum, etc., by oxidation. It is a sour white crystalline substance, consisting of a combination of dextrorotatory and levorotatory tartaric acids.

Racemiferous (a.) Bearing racemes, as the currant.

Racemiform (a.) Having the form of a raceme.

Racemose (a.) Resembling a raceme; growing in the form of a raceme; as, (Bot.) racemose berries or flowers; (Anat.) the racemose glands, in which the ducts are branched and clustered like a raceme.

Racemous (a.) See Racemose.

Racemule (n.) A little raceme.

Racemulose (a.) Growing in very small racemes.

Racer (n.) One who, or that which, races, or contends in a race; esp., a race horse.

Racer (n.) The common American black snake.

Racer (n.) One of the circular iron or steel rails on which the chassis of a heavy gun is turned.

Rach (n.) Alt. of Rache

Rache (n.) A dog that pursued his prey by scent, as distinguished from the greyhound.

Rachialgia (n.) A painful affection of the spine; especially, Pott's disease; also, formerly, lead colic.

Rachidian (a.) Of or pertaining to the rachis; spinal; vertebral. Same as Rhachidian.

Rachilla (n.) Same as Rhachilla.

Rachiodont (a.) Same as Rhachiodont.

Rachises (pl. ) of Rachis

Rachides (pl. ) of Rachis

Rachis (n.) The spine; the vertebral column.

Rachis (n.) Same as Rhachis.

Rachitic (a.) Of or pertaining to rachitis; affected by rachitis; rickety.

Rachitis (n.) Literally, inflammation of the spine, but commonly applied to the rickets. See Rickets.

Rachitis (n.) A disease which produces abortion in the fruit or seeds.

Rachitome (n.) A dissecting instrument for opening the spinal canal.

Racial (a.) Of or pertaining to a race or family of men; as, the racial complexion.

Racily (adv.) In a racy manner.

Raciness (n.) The quality of being racy; peculiar and piquant flavor.

Racing () a. & n. from Race, v. t. & i.

Rack (n.) Same as Arrack.

Rack (n.) The neck and spine of a fore quarter of veal or mutton.

Rack (n.) A wreck; destruction.

Rack (n.) Thin, flying, broken clouds, or any portion of floating vapor in the sky.

Rack (v. i.) To fly, as vapor or broken clouds.

Racked (imp. & p. p.) of Rack

Racking (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rack

Rack (v.) To amble fast, causing a rocking or swaying motion of the body; to pace; -- said of a horse.

Rack (n.) A fast amble.

Rack (v. t.) To draw off from the lees or sediment, as wine.

Rack (a.) An instrument or frame used for stretching, extending, retaining, or displaying, something.

Rack (a.) An engine of torture, consisting of a large frame, upon which the body was gradually stretched until, sometimes, the joints were dislocated; -- formerly used judicially for extorting confessions from criminals or suspected persons.

Rack (a.) An instrument for bending a bow.

Rack (a.) A grate on which bacon is laid.

Rack (a.) A frame or device of various construction for holding, and preventing the waste of, hay, grain, etc., supplied to beasts.

Rack (a.) A frame on which articles are deposited for keeping or arranged for display; as, a clothes rack; a bottle rack, etc.

Rack (a.) A piece or frame of wood, having several sheaves, through which the running rigging passes; -- called also rack block. Also, a frame to hold shot.

Rack (a.) A frame or table on which ores are separated or washed.

Rack (a.) A frame fitted to a wagon for carrying hay, straw, or grain on the stalk, or other bulky loads.

Rack (a.) A distaff.

Rack (a.) A bar with teeth on its face, or edge, to work with those of a wheel, pinion, or worm, which is to drive it or be driven by it.

Rack (a.) That which is extorted; exaction.

Rack (v. t.) To extend by the application of force; to stretch or strain; specifically, to stretch on the rack or wheel; to torture by an engine which strains the limbs and pulls the joints.

Rack (v. t.) To torment; to torture; to affect with extreme pain or anguish.

Rack (v. t.) To stretch or strain, in a figurative sense; hence, to harass, or oppress by extortion.

Rack (v. t.) To wash on a rack, as metals or ore.

Rack (v. t.) To bind together, as two ropes, with cross turns of yarn, marline, etc.

Rackabones (n.) A very lean animal, esp. a horse.

Racker (n.) One who racks.

Racker (n.) A horse that has a racking gait.

Racket (n.) A thin strip of wood, having the ends brought together, forming a somewhat elliptical hoop, across which a network of catgut or cord is stretched. It is furnished with a handle, and is used for catching or striking a ball in tennis and similar games.

Racket (n.) A variety of the game of tennis played with peculiar long-handled rackets; -- chiefly in the plural.

Racket (n.) A snowshoe formed of cords stretched across a long and narrow frame of light wood.

Racket (n.) A broad wooden shoe or patten for a man or horse, to enable him to step on marshy or soft ground.

Racket (v. t.) To strike with, or as with, a racket.

Racket (n.) Confused, clattering noise; din; noisy talk or sport.

Racket (n.) A carouse; any reckless dissipation.

Racketed (imp. & p. p.) of Racket

Racketing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Racket

Racket (v. i.) To make a confused noise or racket.

Racket (v. i.) To engage in noisy sport; to frolic.

Racket (v. i.) To carouse or engage in dissipation.

Racketer (n.) One who makes, or engages in, a racket.

Rackett (n.) An old wind instrument of the double bassoon kind, having ventages but not keys.

Racket-tail (n.) Any one of several species of humming birds of the genus Steganura, having two of the tail feathers very long and racket-shaped.

Racket-tailed (a.) Having long and spatulate, or racket-shaped, tail feathers.

Rackety (a.) Making a tumultuous noise.

Racking (n.) Spun yarn used in racking ropes.

Rack-rent (n.) A rent of the full annual value of the tenement, or near it; an excessive or unreasonably high rent.

Rack-rent (v. t.) To subject to rack-rent, as a farm or tenant.

Rack-renter (n.) One who is subjected to paying rack-rent.

Rack-renter (n.) One who exacts rack-rent.

Racktail (n.) An arm attached to a swinging notched arc or rack, to let off the striking mechanism of a repeating clock.

Rackwork (n.) Any mechanism having a rack, as a rack and pinion.

Racle (a.) See Rakel.

Racleness (n.) See Rakelness.

Raconteur (n.) A relater; a storyteller.

Racoonda (n.) The coypu.

Racovian (n.) One of a sect of Socinians or Unitarians in Poland.

Racquet (n.) See Racket.

Racy (superl.) Having a strong flavor indicating origin; of distinct characteristic taste; tasting of the soil; hence, fresh; rich.

Racy (superl.) Hence: Exciting to the mental taste by a strong or distinctive character of thought or language; peculiar and piquant; fresh and lively.

Rad () imp. & p. p. of Read, Rede.

Radde () imp. of Read, Rede.

Raddle (n.) A long, flexible stick, rod, or branch, which is interwoven with others, between upright posts or stakes, in making a kind of hedge or fence.

Raddle (n.) A hedge or fence made with raddles; -- called also raddle hedge.

Raddle (n.) An instrument consisting of a wooden bar, with a row of upright pegs set in it, used by domestic weavers to keep the warp of a proper width, and prevent tangling when it is wound upon the beam of the loom.

Raddle (v. t.) To interweave or twist together.

Raddle (n.) A red pigment used in marking sheep, and in some mechanical processes; ruddle.

Raddle (v. t.) To mark or paint with, or as with, raddle.

Raddock (n.) The ruddock.

Rade (n.) A raid.

Radeau (n.) A float; a raft.

Radial (a.) Of or pertaining to a radius or ray; consisting of, or like, radii or rays; radiated; as, (Bot.) radial projections; (Zool.) radial vessels or canals; (Anat.) the radial artery.

Radialia (pl. ) of Radiale

Radiale (n.) The bone or cartilage of the carpus which articulates with the radius and corresponds to the scaphoid bone in man.

Radiale (n.) Radial plates in the calyx of a crinoid.

Radially (adv.) In a radial manner.

Radian (n.) An arc of a circle which is equal to the radius, or the angle measured by such an arc.

Radiance (n.) Alt. of Radiancy

Radiancy (n.) The quality of being radiant; brilliancy; effulgence; vivid brightness; as, the radiance of the sun.

Radiant (a.) Emitting or proceeding as from a center; resembling rays; radiating; radiate.

Radiant (a.) Especially, emitting or darting rays of light or heat; issuing in beams or rays; beaming with brightness; emitting a vivid light or splendor; as, the radiant sun.

Radiant (a.) Beaming with vivacity and happiness; as, a radiant face.

Radiant (a.) Giving off rays; -- said of a bearing; as, the sun radiant; a crown radiant.

Radiant (a.) Having a raylike appearance, as the large marginal flowers of certain umbelliferous plants; -- said also of the cluster which has such marginal flowers.

Radiant (n.) The luminous point or object from which light emanates; also, a body radiating light brightly.

Radiant (n.) A straight line proceeding from a given point, or fixed pole, about which it is conceived to revolve.

Radiant (n.) The point in the heavens at which the apparent paths of shooting stars meet, when traced backward, or whence they appear to radiate.

Radiantly (adv.) In a radiant manner; with glittering splendor.

Radiary (n.) A radiate.

Radiata (n. pl.) An extensive artificial group of invertebrates, having all the parts arranged radially around the vertical axis of the body, and the various organs repeated symmetrically in each ray or spheromere.

Radiated (imp. & p. p.) of Radiate

Radiating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Radiate

Radiate (v. i.) To emit rays; to be radiant; to shine.

Radiate (v. i.) To proceed in direct lines from a point or surface; to issue in rays, as light or heat.

Radiate (v. t.) To emit or send out in direct lines from a point or points; as, to radiate heat.

Radiate (v. t.) To enlighten; to illuminate; to shed light or brightness on; to irradiate.

Radiate (a.) Having rays or parts diverging from a center; radiated; as, a radiate crystal.

Radiate (a.) Having in a capitulum large ray florets which are unlike the disk florets, as in the aster, daisy, etc.

Radiate (a.) Belonging to the Radiata.

Radiate (n.) One of the Radiata.

Radiated (a.) Emitted, or sent forth, in rays or direct lines; as, radiated heat.

Radiated (a.) Formed of, or arranged like, rays or radii; having parts or markings diverging, like radii, from a common center or axis; as, a radiated structure; a radiated group of crystals.

Radiated (a.) Belonging to the Radiata.

Radiately (adv.) In a radiate manner; with radiation or divergence from a center.

Radiate-veined (a.) Having the principal veins radiating, or diverging, from the apex of the petiole; -- said of such leaves as those of the grapevine, most maples, and the castor-oil plant.

Radiatiform (a.) Having the marginal florets enlarged and radiating but not ligulate, as in the capitula or heads of the cornflower.

Radiation (n.) The act of radiating, or the state of being radiated; emission and diffusion of rays of light; beamy brightness.

Radiation (n.) The shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like the diverging rays of light; as, the radiation of heat.

Radiative (a.) Capable of radiating; acting by radiation.

Radiator (n.) That which radiates or emits rays, whether of light or heat; especially, that part of a heating apparatus from which the heat is radiated or diffused; as, a steam radiator.

Radical (a.) Of or pertaining to the root; proceeding directly from the root.

Radical (a.) Hence: Of or pertaining to the root or origin; reaching to the center, to the foundation, to the ultimate sources, to the principles, or the like; original; fundamental; thorough-going; unsparing; extreme; as, radical evils; radical reform; a radical party.

Radical (a.) Belonging to, or proceeding from, the root of a plant; as, radical tubers or hairs.

Radical (a.) Proceeding from a rootlike stem, or one which does not rise above the ground; as, the radical leaves of the dandelion and the sidesaddle flower.

Radical (a.) Relating, or belonging, to the root, or ultimate source of derivation; as, a radical verbal form.

Radical (a.) Of or pertaining to a radix or root; as, a radical quantity; a radical sign. See below.

Radical (n.) A primitive word; a radix, root, or simple, underived, uncompounded word; an etymon.

Radical (n.) A primitive letter; a letter that belongs to the radix.

Radical (n.) One who advocates radical changes in government or social institutions, especially such changes as are intended to level class inequalities; -- opposed to conservative.

Radical (n.) A characteristic, essential, and fundamental constituent of any compound; hence, sometimes, an atom.

Radical (n.) Specifically, a group of two or more atoms, not completely saturated, which are so linked that their union implies certain properties, and are conveniently regarded as playing the part of a single atom; a residue; -- called also a compound radical. Cf. Residue.

Radical (n.) A radical quantity. See under Radical, a.

Radical (a.) A radical vessel. See under Radical, a.

Radicalism (n.) The quality or state of being radical; specifically, the doctrines or principles of radicals in politics or social reform.

Radicality (n.) Germinal principle; source; origination.

Radicality (n.) Radicalness; relation to a root in essential nature or principle.

Radically (adv.) In a radical manner; at, or from, the origin or root; fundamentally; as, a scheme or system radically wrong or defective.

Radically (adv.) Without derivation; primitively; essentially.

Radicalness (n.) Quality or state of being radical.

Radicant (a.) Taking root on, or above, the ground; rooting from the stem, as the trumpet creeper and the ivy.

Radicate (a.) Radicated.

Radicate (v. i.) To take root; to become rooted.

Radicated (imp. & p. p.) of Radicate

Radicating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Radicate

Radicate (v. t.) To cause to take root; to plant deeply and firmly; to root.

Radicated (a.) Rooted

Radicated (a.) Having roots, or possessing a well-developed root.

Radicated (a.) Having rootlike organs for attachment.

Radication (n.) The process of taking root, or state of being rooted; as, the radication of habits.

Radication (n.) The disposition of the roots of a plant.

Radicel (n.) A small branch of a root; a rootlet.

Radiciflorous (a.) Rhizanthous.

Radiciform (a.) Having the nature or appearance of a radix or root.

Radicle (n.) The rudimentary stem of a plant which supports the cotyledons in the seed, and from which the root is developed downward; the stem of the embryo; the caulicle.

Radicle (n.) A rootlet; a radicel.

Radicular (a.) Of or pertaining to roots, or the root of a plant.

Radicule (n.) A radicle.

Radiculose (a.) Producing numerous radicles, or rootlets.

Radii (n.) pl. of Radius.

Radio- () A combining form indicating connection with, or relation to, a radius or ray; specifically (Anat.), with the radius of the forearm; as, radio-ulnar, radio-muscular, radio-carpal.

Radio-flagellata (n. pl.) A group of Protozoa having both flagella and pseudopodia.

Radiograph (n.) A picture produced by the Rontgen rays upon a sensitive surface, photographic or fluorescent, especially a picture of opaque objects traversed by the rays.

Radiolaria (n. pl.) Order of rhizopods, usually having a siliceous skeleton, or shell, and sometimes radiating spicules. The pseudopodia project from the body like rays. It includes the polycystines. See Polycystina.

Radiolarian (a.) Of or pertaining to the Radiolaria.

Radiolarian (n.) One of the Radiolaria.

Radioli (n. pl.) The barbs of the radii of a feather; barbules.

Radiolite (n.) A hippurite.

Radiometer (n.) A forestaff.

Radiometer (n.) An instrument designed for measuring the mechanical effect of radiant energy.

Radiomicrometer (n.) A very sensitive modification or application of the thermopile, used for indicating minute changes of radiant heat, or temperature.

Radiophone (n.) An apparatus for the production of sound by the action of luminous or thermal rays. It is essentially the same as the photophone.

Radiophony (n.) The art or practice of using the radiophone.

Radious (a.) Consisting of rays, as light.

Radious (a.) Radiating; radiant.

Radish (n.) The pungent fleshy root of a well-known cruciferous plant (Raphanus sativus); also, the whole plant.

Radii (pl. ) of Radius

Radiuses (pl. ) of Radius

Radius (n.) A right line drawn or extending from the center of a circle to the periphery; the semidiameter of a circle or sphere.

Radius (n.) The preaxial bone of the forearm, or brachium, corresponding to the tibia of the hind limb. See Illust. of Artiodactyla.

Radius (n.) A ray, or outer floret, of the capitulum of such plants as the sunflower and the daisy. See Ray, 2.

Radius (n.) The barbs of a perfect feather.

Radius (n.) Radiating organs, or color-markings, of the radiates.

Radius (n.) The movable limb of a sextant or other angular instrument.

Radius vector () A straight line (or the length of such line) connecting any point, as of a curve, with a fixed point, or pole, round which the straight line turns, and to which it serves to refer the successive points of a curve, in a system of polar coordinates. See Coordinate, n.

Radius vector (n.) An ideal straight line joining the center of an attracting body with that of a body describing an orbit around it, as a line joining the sun and a planet or comet, or a planet and its satellite.

Radices (pl. ) of Radix

Radixes (pl. ) of Radix

Radix (n.) A primitive word, from which spring other words; a radical; a root; an etymon.

Radix (n.) A number or quantity which is arbitrarily made the fundamental number of any system; a base. Thus, 10 is the radix, or base, of the common system of logarithms, and also of the decimal system of numeration.

Radix (n.) A finite expression, from which a series is derived.

Radix (n.) The root of a plant.

Radulae (pl. ) of Radula

Radula (n.) The chitinous ribbon bearing the teeth of mollusks; -- called also lingual ribbon, and tongue. See Odontophore.

Raduliform (a.) Rasplike; as, raduliform teeth.

Raffed (imp. & p. p.) of Raff

Raffing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Raff

Raff (v. t.) To sweep, snatch, draw, or huddle together; to take by a promiscuous sweep.

Raff (n.) A promiscuous heap; a jumble; a large quantity; lumber; refuse.

Raff (n.) The sweepings of society; the rabble; the mob; -- chiefly used in the compound or duplicate, riffraff.

Raff (n.) A low fellow; a churl.

Raffaelesque (a.) Raphaelesque.

Raffia (n.) A fibrous material used for tying plants, said to come from the leaves of a palm tree of the genus Raphia.

Raffinose (n.) A colorless crystalline slightly sweet substance obtained from the molasses of the sugar beet.

Raffish (a.) Resembling, or having the character of, raff, or a raff; worthless; low.

Raffle (v.) A kind of lottery, in which several persons pay, in shares, the value of something put up as a stake, and then determine by chance (as by casting dice) which one of them shall become the sole possessor.

Raffle (v.) A game of dice in which he who threw three alike won all the stakes.

Raffled (imp. & p. p.) of Raffle

Raffling (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Raffle

Raffle (v. i.) To engage in a raffle; as, to raffle for a watch.

Raffle (v. t.) To dispose of by means of a raffle; -- often followed by off; as, to raffle off a horse.

Raffler (n.) One who raffles.

Rafflesia (n.) A genus of stemless, leafless plants, living parasitically upon the roots and stems of grapevines in Malaysia. The flowers have a carrionlike odor, and are very large, in one species (Rafflesia Arnoldi) having a diameter of two or three feet.

Raft () imp. & p. p. of Reave.

Raft (n.) A collection of logs, boards, pieces of timber, or the like, fastened together, either for their own collective conveyance on the water, or to serve as a support in conveying other things; a float.

Raft (n.) A collection of logs, fallen trees, etc. (such as is formed in some Western rivers of the United States), which obstructs navigation.

Raft (n.) A large collection of people or things taken indiscriminately.

Rafted (imp. & p. p.) of Raft

Rafting (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Raft

Raft (v. t.) To transport on a raft, or in the form of a raft; to make into a raft; as, to raft timber.

Rafte () imp. of Reave.

Rafter (n.) A raftsman.

Rafter (n.) Originally, any rough and somewhat heavy piece of timber. Now, commonly, one of the timbers of a roof which are put on sloping, according to the inclination of the roof. See Illust. of Queen-post.

Rafter (v. t.) To make into rafters, as timber.

Rafter (v. t.) To furnish with rafters, as a house.

Rafter (v. t.) To plow so as to turn the grass side of each furrow upon an unplowed ridge; to ridge.

Rafting (n.) The business of making or managing rafts.

Raftsmen (pl. ) of Raftsman

Raftsman (n.) A man engaged in rafting.

Rafty (a.) Damp; musty.

Rag (v. t.) To scold or rail at; to rate; to tease; to torment; to banter.

Rag (n.) A piece of cloth torn off; a tattered piece of cloth; a shred; a tatter; a fragment.

Rag (n.) Hence, mean or tattered attire; worn-out dress.

Rag (n.) A shabby, beggarly fellow; a ragamuffin.

Rag (n.) A coarse kind of rock, somewhat cellular in texture.

Rag (n.) A ragged edge.

Rag (n.) A sail, or any piece of canvas.

Ragged (imp. & p. p.) of Rag

Ragging (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rag

Rag (v. i.) To become tattered.

Rag (v. t.) To break (ore) into lumps for sorting.

Rag (v. t.) To cut or dress roughly, as a grindstone.

Ragabash (n.) Alt. of Ragabrash

Ragabrash (n.) An idle, ragged person.

Ragamuffin (n.) A paltry or disreputable fellow; a mean wretch.

Ragamuffin (n.) A person who wears ragged clothing.

Ragamuffin (n.) The long-tailed titmouse.

Rage (n.) Violent excitement; eager passion; extreme vehemence of desire, emotion, or suffering, mastering the will.

Rage (n.) Especially, anger accompanied with raving; overmastering wrath; violent anger; fury.

Rage (n.) A violent or raging wind.

Rage (n.) The subject of eager desire; that which is sought after, or prosecuted, with unreasonable or excessive passion; as, to be all the rage.

Raged (imp. & p. p.) of Rage

Raging (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rage

Rage (n.) To be furious with anger; to be exasperated to fury; to be violently agitated with passion.

Rage (n.) To be violent and tumultuous; to be violently driven or agitated; to act or move furiously; as, the raging sea or winds.

Rage (n.) To ravage; to prevail without restraint, or with destruction or fatal effect; as, the plague raged in Cairo.

Rage (n.) To toy or act wantonly; to sport.

Rage (v. t.) To enrage.

Rageful (a.) Full of rage; expressing rage.

Ragery (n.) Wantonness.

Ragged (n.) Rent or worn into tatters, or till the texture is broken; as, a ragged coat; a ragged sail.

Ragged (n.) Broken with rough edges; having jags; uneven; rough; jagged; as, ragged rocks.

Ragged (n.) Hence, harsh and disagreeable to the ear; dissonant.

Ragged (n.) Wearing tattered clothes; as, a ragged fellow.

Ragged (n.) Rough; shaggy; rugged.

Raggie (a.) Alt. of Raggy

Raggy (a.) Ragged; rough.

Raghuvansa (n.) A celebrated Sanskrit poem having for its subject the Raghu dynasty.

Raging () a. & n. from Rage, v. i.

Ragious (a.) Raging; furious; rageful.

Raglan (n.) A loose overcoat with large sleeves; -- named from Lord Raglan, an English general.

Ragmen (pl. ) of Ragman

Ragman (n.) A man who collects, or deals in, rags.

Ragman (n.) A document having many names or numerous seals, as a papal bull.

Ragman's roll () The rolls of deeds on parchment in which the Scottish nobility and gentry subscribed allegiance to Edward I. of England, A. D. 1296.

Ragout (n.) A dish made of pieces of meat, stewed, and highly seasoned; as, a ragout of mutton.

Ragpicker (n.) One who gets a living by picking up rags and refuse things in the streets.

Raguled (a.) Alt. of Ragguled

Ragguled (a.) Notched in regular diagonal breaks; -- said of a line, or a bearing having such an edge.

Ragweed (n.) A common American composite weed (Ambrosia artemisiaefolia) with finely divided leaves; hogweed.

Ragwork (n.) A kind of rubblework. In the United States, any rubblework of thin and small stones.

Ragwort (n.) A name given to several species of the composite genus Senecio.

Raia (n.) A genus of rays which includes the skates. See Skate.

Raiae (n. pl.) The order of elasmobranch fishes which includes the sawfishes, skates, and rays; -- called also Rajae, and Rajii.

Raid (n.) A hostile or predatory incursion; an inroad or incursion of mounted men; a sudden and rapid invasion by a cavalry force; a foray.

Raid (n.) An attack or invasion for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering; as, a raid of the police upon a gambling house; a raid of contractors on the public treasury.

Raided (imp. & p. p.) of Raid

Raiding (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Raid

Raid (v. t.) To make a raid upon or into; as, two regiments raided the border counties.

Raider (n.) One who engages in a raid.

Rail (n.) An outer cloak or covering; a neckerchief for women.

Rail (v. i.) To flow forth; to roll out; to course.

Rail (n.) A bar of timber or metal, usually horizontal or nearly so, extending from one post or support to another, as in fences, balustrades, staircases, etc.

Rail (n.) A horizontal piece in a frame or paneling. See Illust. of Style.

Rail (n.) A bar of steel or iron, forming part of the track on which the wheels roll. It is usually shaped with reference to vertical strength, and is held in place by chairs, splices, etc.

Rail (n.) The stout, narrow plank that forms the top of the bulwarks.

Rail (n.) The light, fencelike structures of wood or metal at the break of the deck, and elsewhere where such protection is needed.

Railed (imp. & p. p.) of Rail

Railing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rail

Rail (v. t.) To inclose with rails or a railing.

Rail (v. t.) To range in a line.

Rail (v.) Any one of numerous species of limicoline birds of the family Rallidae, especially those of the genus Rallus, and of closely allied genera. They are prized as game birds.

Rail (v. i.) To use insolent and reproachful language; to utter reproaches; to scoff; -- followed by at or against, formerly by on.

Rail (v. t.) To rail at.

Rail (v. t.) To move or influence by railing.

Railer (n.) One who rails; one who scoffs, insults, censures, or reproaches with opprobrious language.

Railing (a.) Expressing reproach; insulting.

Railing (n.) A barrier made of a rail or of rails.

Railing (n.) Rails in general; also, material for making rails.

Railingly (adv.) With scoffing or insulting language.

Raillery (n.) Pleasantry or slight satire; banter; jesting language; satirical merriment.

Railleur (n.) A banterer; a jester; a mocker.

Railroad (n.) Alt. of Railway

Railway (n.) A road or way consisting of one or more parallel series of iron or steel rails, patterned and adjusted to be tracks for the wheels of vehicles, and suitably supported on a bed or substructure.

Railway (n.) The road, track, etc., with all the lands, buildings, rolling stock, franchises, etc., pertaining to them and constituting one property; as, a certain railroad has been put into the hands of a receiver.

Railroading (n.) The construction of a railroad; the business of managing or operating a railroad.

Raiment (n.) Clothing in general; vesture; garments; -- usually singular in form, with a collective sense.

Raiment (n.) An article of dress.

Rain (n. & v.) Reign.

Rain (n.) Water falling in drops from the clouds; the descent of water from the clouds in drops.

Rained (imp. & p. p.) of Rain

Raining (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rain

Rain (n.) To fall in drops from the clouds, as water; -- used mostly with it for a nominative; as, it rains.

Rain (n.) To fall or drop like water from the clouds; as, tears rained from their eyes.

Rain (v. t.) To pour or shower down from above, like rain from the clouds.

Rain (v. t.) To bestow in a profuse or abundant manner; as, to rain favors upon a person.

Rainbow (n.) A bow or arch exhibiting, in concentric bands, the several colors of the spectrum, and formed in the part of the hemisphere opposite to the sun by the refraction and reflection of the sun's rays in drops of falling rain.

Rainbowed (a.) Formed with or like a rainbow.

Raindeer (n.) See Reindeer.

Raindrop (n.) A drop of rain.

Rainfall (n.) A fall or descent of rain; the water, or amount of water, that falls in rain; as, the average annual rainfall of a region.

Raininess (n.) The state of being rainy.

Rainless (a.) Destitute of rain; as, a rainless region.

Rain-tight (a.) So tight as to exclude rain; as, a rain-tight roof.

Rainy (a.) Abounding with rain; wet; showery; as, rainy weather; a rainy day or season.

Raip (n.) A rope; also, a measure equal to a rod.

Rais (n.) Same as 2d Reis.

Raisable (a.) Capable of being raised.

Raised (imp. & p. p.) of Raise

Raising (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Raise

Raise (v. t.) To cause to rise; to bring from a lower to a higher place; to lift upward; to elevate; to heave; as, to raise a stone or weight.

Raise (v. t.) To bring to a higher condition or situation; to elevate in rank, dignity, and the like; to increase the value or estimation of; to promote; to exalt; to advance; to enhance; as, to raise from a low estate; to raise to office; to raise the price, and the like.

Raise (v. t.) To increase the strength, vigor, or vehemence of; to excite; to intensify; to invigorate; to heighten; as, to raise the pulse; to raise the voice; to raise the spirits or the courage; to raise the heat of a furnace.

Raise (v. t.) To elevate in degree according to some scale; as, to raise the pitch of the voice; to raise the temperature of a room.

Raise (v. t.) To cause to rise up, or assume an erect position or posture; to set up; to make upright; as, to raise a mast or flagstaff.

Raise (v. t.) To cause to spring up from a recumbent position, from a state of quiet, or the like; to awaken; to arouse.

Raise (v. t.) To rouse to action; to stir up; to incite to tumult, struggle, or war; to excite.

Raise (v. t.) To bring up from the lower world; to call up, as a spirit from the world of spirits; to recall from death; to give life to.

Raise (v. t.) To cause to arise, grow up, or come into being or to appear; to give rise to; to originate, produce, cause, effect, or the like.

Raise (v. t.) To form by the accumulation of materials or constituent parts; to build up; to erect; as, to raise a lofty structure, a wall, a heap of stones.

Raise (v. t.) To bring together; to collect; to levy; to get together or obtain for use or service; as, to raise money, troops, and the like.

Raise (v. t.) To cause to grow; to procure to be produced, bred, or propagated; to grow; as, to raise corn, barley, hops, etc.; toraise cattle.

Raise (v. t.) To bring into being; to produce; to cause to arise, come forth, or appear; -- often with up.

Raise (v. t.) To give rise to; to set agoing; to occasion; to start; to originate; as, to raise a smile or a blush.

Raise (v. t.) To give vent or utterance to; to utter; to strike up.

Raise (v. t.) To bring to notice; to submit for consideration; as, to raise a point of order; to raise an objection.

Raise (v. t.) To cause to rise, as by the effect of leaven; to make light and spongy, as bread.

Raise (v. t.) To cause (the land or any other object) to seem higher by drawing nearer to it; as, to raise Sandy Hook light.

Raise (v. t.) To let go; as in the command, Raise tacks and sheets, i. e., Let go tacks and sheets.

Raise (v. t.) To create or constitute; as, to raise a use, that is, to create it.

Raised (a.) Lifted up; showing above the surroundings; as, raised or embossed metal work.

Raised (a.) Leavened; made with leaven, or yeast; -- used of bread, cake, etc., as distinguished from that made with cream of tartar, soda, etc. See Raise, v. t., 4.

Raiser (n.) One who, or that which, raises (in various senses of the verb).

Raisin (n.) A grape, or a bunch of grapes.

Raisin (n.) A grape dried in the sun or by artificial heat.

Raising (n.) The act of lifting, setting up, elevating, exalting, producing, or restoring to life.

Raising (n.) Specifically, the operation or work of setting up the frame of a building; as, to help at a raising.

Raising (n.) The operation of embossing sheet metal, or of forming it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering, stamping, or spinning.

Raisonne (a.) Arranged systematically, or according to classes or subjects; as, a catalogue raisonne. See under Catalogue.

Raivel (n.) A separator.

Raj (n.) Reign; rule.

Raja (n.) Same as Rajah.

Rajah (a.) A native prince or king; also, a landholder or person of importance in the agricultural districts.

Rajahship (n.) The office or dignity of a rajah.

Rajpoot (n.) Alt. of Rajput

Rajput (n.) A Hindoo of the second, or royal and military, caste; a Kshatriya; especially, an inhabitant of the country of Rajpootana, in northern central India.

Rake (n.) An implement consisting of a headpiece having teeth, and a long handle at right angles to it, -- used for collecting hay, or other light things which are spread over a large surface, or for breaking and smoothing the earth.

Rake (n.) A toothed machine drawn by a horse, -- used for collecting hay or grain; a horserake.

Rake (n.) A fissure or mineral vein traversing the strata vertically, or nearly so; -- called also rake-vein.

Raked (imp. & p. p.) of Rake

Raking (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rake

Rake (v. t.) To collect with a rake; as, to rake hay; -- often with up; as, he raked up the fallen leaves.

Rake (v. t.) To collect or draw together with laborious industry; to gather from a wide space; to scrape together; as, to rake together wealth; to rake together slanderous tales; to rake together the rabble of a town.

Rake (v. t.) To pass a rake over; to scrape or scratch with a rake for the purpose of collecting and clearing off something, or for stirring up the soil; as, to rake a lawn; to rake a flower bed.

Rake (v. t.) To search through; to scour; to ransack.

Rake (v. t.) To scrape or scratch across; to pass over quickly and lightly, as a rake does.

Rake (v. t.) To enfilade; to fire in a direction with the length of; in naval engagements, to cannonade, as a ship, on the stern or head so that the balls range the whole length of the deck.

Rake (v. i.) To use a rake, as for searching or for collecting; to scrape; to search minutely.

Rake (v. i.) To pass with violence or rapidity; to scrape along.

Rake (n.) The inclination of anything from a perpendicular direction; as, the rake of a roof, a staircase, etc.

Rake (n.) the inclination of a mast or funnel, or, in general, of any part of a vessel not perpendicular to the keel.

Rake (v. i.) To incline from a perpendicular direction; as, a mast rakes aft.

Rake (n.) A loose, disorderly, vicious man; a person addicted to lewdness and other scandalous vices; a debauchee; a roue.

Rake (v. i.) To walk about; to gad or ramble idly.

Rake (v. i.) To act the rake; to lead a dissolute, debauched life.

Rakehell (n.) A lewd, dissolute fellow; a debauchee; a rake.

Rakehell (a.) Alt. of Rakehelly

Rakehelly (a.) Dissolute; wild; lewd; rakish.

Rakel (a.) Hasty; reckless; rash.

Raker (n.) One who, or that which, rakes

Raker (n.) A person who uses a rake.

Raker (n.) A machine for raking grain or hay by horse or other power.

Raker (n.) A gun so placed as to rake an enemy's ship.

Raker (n.) See Gill rakers, under 1st Gill.

Rakery (n.) Debauchery; lewdness.

Rakeshame (n.) A vile, dissolute wretch.

Rakestale (n.) The handle of a rake.

Rake-vein (n.) See Rake, a mineral vein.

Raking (n.) The act or process of using a rake; the going over a space with a rake.

Raking (n.) A space gone over with a rake; also, the work done, or the quantity of hay, grain, etc., collected, by going once over a space with a rake.

Rakish (a.) Dissolute; lewd; debauched.

Rakish (a.) Having a saucy appearance indicative of speed and dash.

Rakishly (adv.) In a rakish manner.

Rakishness (n.) The quality or state of being rakish.

Raku ware () A kind of earthenware made in Japan, resembling Satsuma ware, but having a paler color.

Rale (n.) An adventitious sound, usually of morbid origin, accompanying the normal respiratory sounds. See Rhonchus.

Rallentando (a.) Slackening; -- a direction to perform a passage with a gradual decrease in time and force; ritardando.

Ralliance (n.) The act of rallying.

Rallier (n.) One who rallies.

Ralline (a.) Pertaining to the rails.

Rallied (imp. & p. p.) of Rally

Rallying (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rally

Rally (v. t.) To collect, and reduce to order, as troops dispersed or thrown into confusion; to gather again; to reunite.

Rally (v. i.) To come into orderly arrangement; to renew order, or united effort, as troops scattered or put to flight; to assemble; to unite.

Rally (v. i.) To collect one's vital powers or forces; to regain health or consciousness; to recuperate.

Rally (v. i.) To recover strength after a decline in prices; -- said of the market, stocks, etc.

Rallies (pl. ) of Rally

Rally (n.) The act or process of rallying (in any of the senses of that word).

Rally (n.) A political mass meeting.

Rally (v. t.) To attack with raillery, either in good humor and pleasantry, or with slight contempt or satire.

Rally (v. i.) To use pleasantry, or satirical merriment.

Rally (n.) Good-humored raillery.

Ralph (n.) A name sometimes given to the raven.

Ralstonite (n.) A fluoride of alumina and soda occurring with the Greenland cryolite in octahedral crystals.

Ram (n.) The male of the sheep and allied animals. In some parts of England a ram is called a tup.

Ram (n.) Aries, the sign of the zodiac which the sun enters about the 21st of March.

Ram (n.) The constellation Aries, which does not now, as formerly, occupy the sign of the same name.

Ram (n.) An engine of war used for butting or battering.

Ram (n.) In ancient warfare, a long beam suspended by slings in a framework, and used for battering the walls of cities; a battering-ram.

Ram (n.) A heavy steel or iron beak attached to the prow of a steam war vessel for piercing or cutting down the vessel of an enemy; also, a vessel carrying such a beak.

Ram (n.) A hydraulic ram. See under Hydraulic.

Ram (n.) The weight which strikes the blow, in a pile driver, steam hammer, stamp mill, or the like.

Ram (n.) The plunger of a hydraulic press.

Rammed (imp. & p. p.) of Ram

Ramming (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ram

Ram (v. t.) To butt or strike against; to drive a ram against or through; to thrust or drive with violence; to force in; to drive together; to cram; as, to ram an enemy's vessel; to ram piles, cartridges, etc.

Ram (v. t.) To fill or compact by pounding or driving.

Ramadan (n.) The ninth Mohammedan month.

Ramadan (n.) The great annual fast of the Mohammedans, kept during daylight through the ninth month.

Ramage (n.) Boughs or branches.

Ramage (n.) Warbling of birds in trees.

Ramage (a.) Wild; untamed.

Ramagious (a.) Wild; not tame.

Ramal (a.) Of or pertaining to a ramus, or branch; rameal.

Ramayana (n.) The more ancient of the two great epic poems in Sanskrit. The hero and heroine are Rama and his wife Sita.

Ramberge (n.) Formerly, a kind of large war galley.

Rambled (imp. & p. p.) of Ramble

Rambling (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ramble

Ramble (v. i.) To walk, ride, or sail, from place to place, without any determinate object in view; to roam carelessly or irregularly; to rove; to wander; as, to ramble about the city; to ramble over the world.

Ramble (v. i.) To talk or write in a discursive, aimless way.

Ramble (v. i.) To extend or grow at random.

Ramble (n.) A going or moving from place to place without any determinate business or object; an excursion or stroll merely for recreation.

Ramble (n.) A bed of shale over the seam.

Rambler (n.) One who rambles; a rover; a wanderer.

Rambling (a.) Roving; wandering; discursive; as, a rambling fellow, talk, or building.

Ramblingly (adv.) In a rambling manner.

Rambooze (n.) A beverage made of wine, ale (or milk), sugar, etc.

Rambutan (n.) A Malayan fruit produced by the tree Nephelium lappaceum, and closely related to the litchi nut. It is bright red, oval in shape, covered with coarse hairs (whence the name), and contains a pleasant acid pulp. Called also ramboostan.

Rameal (a.) Same as Ramal.

Ramean (n.) A Ramist.

Ramed (a.) Having the frames, stem, and sternpost adjusted; -- said of a ship on the stocks.

Ramee (n.) See Ramie.

Ramekin (n.) See Ramequin.

Rament (n.) A scraping; a shaving.

Rament (n.) Ramenta.

Ramenta (n. pl.) Thin brownish chaffy scales upon the leaves or young shoots of some plants, especially upon the petioles and leaves of ferns.

Ramentaceous (a.) Covered with ramenta.

Rameous (a.) Ramal.

Ramequin (n.) A mixture of cheese, eggs, etc., formed in a mold, or served on bread.

Ramie (n.) The grass-cloth plant (B/hmeria nivea); also, its fiber, which is very fine and exceedingly strong; -- called also China grass, and rhea. See Grass-cloth plant, under Grass.

Ramification (n.) The process of branching, or the development of branches or offshoots from a stem; also, the mode of their arrangement.

Ramification (n.) A small branch or offshoot proceeding from a main stock or channel; as, the ramifications of an artery, vein, or nerve.

Ramification (n.) A division into principal and subordinate classes, heads, or departments; also, one of the subordinate parts; as, the ramifications of a subject or scheme.

Ramification (n.) The production of branchlike figures.

Ramiflorous (a.) Flowering on the branches.

Ramiform (a.) Having the form of a branch.

Ramified (imp. & p. p.) of Ramify

Ramifying (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ramify

Ramify (v. t.) To divide into branches or subdivisions; as, to ramify an art, subject, scheme.

Ramify (v. i.) To shoot, or divide, into branches or subdivisions, as the stem of a plant.

Ramify (v. i.) To be divided or subdivided, as a main subject.

Ramigerous (a.) Bearing branches; branched.

Ramiparous (a.) Producing branches; ramigerous.

Ramist (n.) A follower of Pierre Rame, better known as Ramus, a celebrated French scholar, who was professor of rhetoric and philosophy at Paris in the reign of Henry II., and opposed the Aristotelians.

Ramline (n.) A line used to get a straight middle line, as on a spar, or from stem to stern in building a vessel.

Rammel (n.) Refuse matter.

Rammer (n.) One who, or that which, rams or drives.

Rammer (n.) An instrument for driving anything with force; as, a rammer for driving stones or piles, or for beating the earth to more solidity

Rammer (n.) A rod for forcing down the charge of a gun; a ramrod

Rammer (n.) An implement for pounding the sand of a mold to render it compact.

Rammish (a.) Like a ram; hence, rank; lascivious.

Rammishness (n.) The quality of being rammish.

Rammy (a.) Like a ram; rammish.

Ramollescence (n.) A softening or mollifying.

Ramoon (n.) A small West Indian tree (Trophis Americana) of the Mulberry family, whose leaves and twigs are used as fodder for cattle.

Ramose (a.) Branched, as the stem or root of a plant; having lateral divisions; consisting of, or having, branches; full of branches; ramifying; branching; branchy.

Ramous (a.) Ramose.

Ramped (imp. & p. p.) of Ramp

Ramping (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ramp

Ramp (v. i.) To spring; to leap; to bound; to rear; to prance; to become rampant; hence, to frolic; to romp.

Ramp (v. i.) To move by leaps, or as by leaps; hence, to move swiftly or with violence.

Ramp (v. i.) To climb, as a plant; to creep up.

Ramp (n.) A leap; a spring; a hostile advance.

Ramp (n.) A highwayman; a robber.

Ramp (n.) A romping woman; a prostitute.

Ramp (n.) Any sloping member, other than a purely constructional one, such as a continuous parapet to a staircase.

Ramp (n.) A short bend, slope, or curve, where a hand rail or cap changes its direction.

Ramp (n.) An inclined plane serving as a communication between different interior levels.

Rampacious (a.) High-spirited; rampageous.

Rampage (v.) Violent or riotous behavior; a state of excitement, passion, or debauchery; as, to be on the rampage.

Rampage (v. i.) To leap or prance about, as an animal; to be violent; to rage.

Rampageous (a.) Characterized by violence and passion; unruly; rampant.

Rampallian (n.) A mean wretch.

Rampancy (n.) The quality or state of being rampant; excessive action or development; exuberance; extravagance.

Rampant (v.) Ramping; leaping; springing; rearing upon the hind legs; hence, raging; furious.

Rampant (v.) Ascending; climbing; rank in growth; exuberant.

Rampant (v.) Rising with fore paws in the air as if attacking; -- said of a beast of prey, especially a lion. The right fore leg and right hind leg should be raised higher than the left.

Rampantly (adv.) In a rampant manner.

Rampart (n.) That which fortifies and defends from assault; that which secures safety; a defense or bulwark.

Rampart (n.) A broad embankment of earth round a place, upon which the parapet is raised. It forms the substratum of every permanent fortification.

Ramparted (imp. & p. p.) of Rampart

Ramparting (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rampart

Rampart (v. t.) To surround or protect with, or as with, a rampart or ramparts.

Rampe (n.) The cuckoopint.

Rampier (n.) See Rampart.

Rampion (n.) A plant (Campanula Rapunculus) of the Bellflower family, with a tuberous esculent root; -- also called ramps.

Rampire (n.) A rampart.

Rampire (v. t.) To fortify with a rampire; to form into a rampire.

Rampler (n.) A rambler.

Rampler (a.) Roving; rambling.

Ramrod (n.) The rod used in ramming home the charge in a muzzle-loading firearm.

Ramshackle (a.) Loose; disjointed; falling to pieces; out of repair.

Ramshackle (v. t.) To search or ransack; to rummage.

Ramson (n.) A broad-leaved species of garlic (Allium ursinum), common in European gardens; -- called also buckram.

Ramsted (n.) A yellow-flowered weed; -- so named from a Mr. Ramsted who introduced it into Pennsylvania. See Toad flax. Called also Ramsted weed.

Ramulose (a.) Having many small branches, or ramuli.

Ramulous (a.) Ramulose.

Ramuli (pl. ) of Ramulus

Ramulus (n.) A small branch, or branchlet, of corals, hydroids, and similar organisms.

Rami (pl. ) of Ramus

Ramus (n.) A branch; a projecting part or prominent process; a ramification.

Ramuscule (n.) A small ramus, or branch.

Ran () imp. of Run.

Ran (n.) Open robbery.

Ran (n.) Yarns coiled on a spun-yarn winch.

Rana (n.) A genus of anurous batrachians, including the common frogs.

Ranal (a.) Having a general affinity to ranunculaceous plants.

Rance (n.) A prop or shore.

Rance (n.) A round between the legs of a chair.

Rancescent (a.) Becoming rancid or sour.

Ranch (v. t.) To wrench; to tear; to sprain; to injure by violent straining or contortion.

Ranch (n.) A tract of land used for grazing and the rearing of horses, cattle, or sheep. See Rancho, 2.

Rancheros (pl. ) of Ranchero

Ranchero (n.) A herdsman; a peasant employed on a ranch or rancho.

Ranchero (n.) The owner and occupant of a ranch or rancho.

Ranchmen (pl. ) of Ranchman

Ranchman (n.) An owner or occupant of, or laborer on, a ranch; a herdsman.

Ranchos (pl. ) of Rancho

Rancho (n.) A rude hut, as of posts, covered with branches or thatch, where herdsmen or farm laborers may live or lodge at night.

Rancho (n.) A large grazing farm where horses and cattle are raised; -- distinguished from hacienda, a cultivated farm or plantation.

Rancid (a.) Having a rank smell or taste, from chemical change or decomposition; musty; as, rancid oil or butter.

Rancidity (n.) The quality or state of being rancid; a rancid scent or flavor, as of old oil.

Rancidly (adv.) In a rancid manner.

Rancidness (n.) The quality of being rancid.

Rancor (n.) The deepest malignity or spite; deep-seated enmity or malice; inveterate hatred.

Rancorous (a.) Full of rancor; evincing, or caused by, rancor; deeply malignant; implacably spiteful or malicious; intensely virulent.

Rancorously (adv.) In a rancorous manner.

Rand (n.) A border; edge; margin.

Rand (n.) A long, fleshy piece, as of beef, cut from the flank or leg; a sort of steak.

Rand (n.) A thin inner sole for a shoe; also, a leveling slip of leather applied to the sole before attaching the heel.

Rand (v. i.) To rant; to storm.

Randall grass () The meadow fescue (Festuca elatior). See under Grass.

Randan (n.) The product of a second sifting of meal; the finest part of the bran.

Randan (n.) A boat propelled by three rowers with four oars, the middle rower pulling two.

Randing (n.) The act or process of making and applying rands for shoes.

Randing (n.) A kind of basket work used in gabions.

Random (n.) Force; violence.

Random (n.) A roving motion; course without definite direction; want of direction, rule, or method; hazard; chance; -- commonly used in the phrase at random, that is, without a settled point of direction; at hazard.

Random (n.) Distance to which a missile is cast; range; reach; as, the random of a rifle ball.

Random (n.) The direction of a rake-vein.

Random (a.) Going at random or by chance; done or made at hazard, or without settled direction, aim, or purpose; hazarded without previous calculation; left to chance; haphazard; as, a random guess.

Randomly (adv.) In a random manner.

Randon (n.) Random.

Randon (v. i.) To go or stray at random.

Ranedeer (n.) See Reindeer.

Ranee (n.) Same as Rani.

Ranforce (n.) See Re/nforce.

Rang () imp. of Ring, v. t. & i.

Ranged (imp. & p. p.) of Range

Ranging (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Range

Range (n.) To set in a row, or in rows; to place in a regular line or lines, or in ranks; to dispose in the proper order; to rank; as, to range soldiers in line.

Range (n.) To place (as a single individual) among others in a line, row, or order, as in the ranks of an army; -- usually, reflexively and figuratively, (in the sense) to espouse a cause, to join a party, etc.

Range (n.) To separate into parts; to sift.

Range (n.) To dispose in a classified or in systematic order; to arrange regularly; as, to range plants and animals in genera and species.

Range (n.) To rove over or through; as, to range the fields.

Range (n.) To sail or pass in a direction parallel to or near; as, to range the coast.

Range (n.) To be native to, or to live in; to frequent.

Range (v. i.) To rove at large; to wander without restraint or direction; to roam.

Range (v. i.) To have range; to change or differ within limits; to be capable of projecting, or to admit of being projected, especially as to horizontal distance; as, the temperature ranged through seventy degrees Fahrenheit; the gun ranges three miles; the shot ranged four miles.

Range (v. i.) To be placed in order; to be ranked; to admit of arrangement or classification; to rank.

Range (v. i.) To have a certain direction; to correspond in direction; to be or keep in a corresponding line; to trend or run; -- often followed by with; as, the front of a house ranges with the street; to range along the coast.

Range (v. i.) To be native to, or live in, a certain district or region; as, the peba ranges from Texas to Paraguay.

Range (v.) A series of things in a line; a row; a rank; as, a range of buildings; a range of mountains.

Range (v.) An aggregate of individuals in one rank or degree; an order; a class.

Range (v.) The step of a ladder; a rung.

Range (v.) A kitchen grate.

Range (v.) An extended cooking apparatus of cast iron, set in brickwork, and affording conveniences for various ways of cooking; also, a kind of cooking stove.

Range (v.) A bolting sieve to sift meal.

Range (v.) A wandering or roving; a going to and fro; an excursion; a ramble; an expedition.

Range (v.) That which may be ranged over; place or room for excursion; especially, a region of country in which cattle or sheep may wander and pasture.

Range (v.) Extent or space taken in by anything excursive; compass or extent of excursion; reach; scope; discursive power; as, the range of one's voice, or authority.

Range (v.) The region within which a plant or animal naturally lives.

Range (v.) The horizontal distance to which a shot or other projectile is carried.

Range (v.) Sometimes, less properly, the trajectory of a shot or projectile.

Range (v.) A place where shooting, as with cannons or rifles, is practiced.

Range (v.) In the public land system of the United States, a row or line of townships lying between two successive meridian lines six miles apart.

Range (v.) See Range of cable, below.

Rangement (n.) Arrangement.

Ranger (n.) One who ranges; a rover; sometimes, one who ranges for plunder; a roving robber.

Ranger (n.) That which separates or arranges; specifically, a sieve.

Ranger (n.) A dog that beats the ground in search of game.

Ranger (n.) One of a body of mounted troops, formerly armed with short muskets, who range over the country, and often fight on foot.

Ranger (n.) The keeper of a public park or forest; formerly, a sworn officer of a forest, appointed by the king's letters patent, whose business was to walk through the forest, recover beasts that had strayed beyond its limits, watch the deer, present trespasses to the next court held for the forest, etc.

Rangership (n.) The office of the keeper of a forest or park.

Rangle (v. i.) To range about in an irregular manner.

Rani (n.) A queen or princess; the wife of a rajah.

Ranine (a.) Of or pertaining to the frogs and toads.

Ranine (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a swelling under the tongue; also, pertaining to the region where the swelling occurs; -- applied especially to branches of the lingual artery and lingual vein.

Rank (superl.) Luxuriant in growth; of vigorous growth; exuberant; grown to immoderate height; as, rank grass; rank weeds.

Rank (superl.) Raised to a high degree; violent; extreme; gross; utter; as, rank heresy.

Rank (superl.) Causing vigorous growth; producing luxuriantly; very rich and fertile; as, rank land.

Rank (superl.) Strong-scented; rancid; musty; as, oil of a rank smell; rank-smelling rue.

Rank (superl.) Strong to the taste.

Rank (superl.) Inflamed with venereal appetite.

Rank (adv.) Rankly; stoutly; violently.

Rank (n. & v.) A row or line; a range; an order; a tier; as, a rank of osiers.

Rank (n. & v.) A line of soldiers ranged side by side; -- opposed to file. See 1st File, 1 (a).

Rank (n. & v.) Grade of official standing, as in the army, navy, or nobility; as, the rank of general; the rank of admiral.

Rank (n. & v.) An aggregate of individuals classed together; a permanent social class; an order; a division; as, ranks and orders of men; the highest and the lowest ranks of men, or of other intelligent beings.

Rank (n. & v.) Degree of dignity, eminence, or excellence; position in civil or social life; station; degree; grade; as, a writer of the first rank; a lawyer of high rank.

Rank (n. & v.) Elevated grade or standing; high degree; high social position; distinction; eminence; as, a man of rank.

Ranked (imp. & p. p.) of Rank

Ranking (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rank

Rank (v. t.) To place abreast, or in a line.

Rank (v. t.) To range in a particular class, order, or division; to class; also, to dispose methodically; to place in suitable classes or order; to classify.

Rank (v. t.) To take rank of; to outrank.

Rank (v. i.) To be ranged; to be set or disposed, as in a particular degree, class, order, or division.

Rank (v. i.) To have a certain grade or degree of elevation in the orders of civil or military life; to have a certain degree of esteem or consideration; as, he ranks with the first class of poets; he ranks high in public estimation.

Ranker (n.) One who ranks, or disposes in ranks; one who arranges.

Rankled (imp. & p. p.) of Rankle

Rankling (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rankle

Rankle (a.) To become, or be, rank; to grow rank or strong; to be inflamed; to fester; -- used literally and figuratively.

Rankle (a.) To produce a festering or inflamed effect; to cause a sore; -- used literally and figuratively; as, a splinter rankles in the flesh; the words rankled in his bosom.

Rankle (v. t.) To cause to fester; to make sore; to inflame.

Rankly (adv.) With rank or vigorous growth; luxuriantly; hence, coarsely; grossly; as, weeds grow rankly.

Rankness (n.) The condition or quality of being rank.

Rannel (n.) A prostitute.

Ranny (n.) The erd shrew.

Ransacked (imp. & p. p.) of Ransack

Ransacking (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ransack

Ransack (v. t.) To search thoroughly; to search every place or part of; as, to ransack a house.

Ransack (v. t.) To plunder; to pillage completely.

Ransack (v. t.) To violate; to ravish; to defiour.

Ransack (v. i.) To make a thorough search.

Ransack (n.) The act of ransacking, or state of being ransacked; pillage.

Ransom (n.) The release of a captive, or of captured property, by payment of a consideration; redemption; as, prisoners hopeless of ransom.

Ransom (n.) The money or price paid for the redemption of a prisoner, or for goods captured by an enemy; payment for freedom from restraint, penalty, or forfeit.

Ransom (n.) A sum paid for the pardon of some great offense and the discharge of the offender; also, a fine paid in lieu of corporal punishment.

Ransomed (imp. & p. p.) of Ransom

Ransoming (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ransom

Ransom (n.) To redeem from captivity, servitude, punishment, or forfeit, by paying a price; to buy out of servitude or penalty; to rescue; to deliver; as, to ransom prisoners from an enemy.

Ransom (n.) To exact a ransom for, or a payment on.

Ransomable (a.) Such as can be ransomed.

Ransomer (n.) One who ransoms or redeems.

Ransomless (a.) Incapable of being ransomed; without ransom.

Ranted (imp. & p. p.) of Rant

Ranting (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rant

Rant (v. i.) To rave in violent, high-sounding, or extravagant language, without dignity of thought; to be noisy, boisterous, and bombastic in talk or declamation; as, a ranting preacher.

Rant (n.) High-sounding language, without importance or dignity of thought; boisterous, empty declamation; bombast; as, the rant of fanatics.

Ranter (n.) A noisy talker; a raving declaimer.

Ranter (n.) One of a religious sect which sprung up in 1645; -- called also Seekers. See Seeker.

Ranter (n.) One of the Primitive Methodists, who seceded from the Wesleyan Methodists on the ground of their deficiency in fervor and zeal; -- so called in contempt.

Ranterism (n.) The practice or tenets of the Ranters.

Rantingly (adv.) In a ranting manner.

Rantipole (n.) A wild, romping young person.

Rantipole (a.) Wild; roving; rakish.

Rantipole (v. i.) To act like a rantipole.

Rantism (n.) Ranterism.

Ranty (a.) Wild; noisy; boisterous.

Ranula (n.) A cyst formed under the tongue by obstruction of the duct of the submaxillary gland.

Ranunculaceous (a.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Ranunculaceae), of which the buttercup is the type, and which includes also the virgin's bower, the monkshood, larkspur, anemone, meadow rue, and peony.

Ranunculuses (pl. ) of Ranunculus

Ranunculi (pl. ) of Ranunculus

Ranunculus (n.) A genus of herbs, mostly with yellow flowers, including crowfoot, buttercups, and the cultivated ranunculi (R. Asiaticus, R. aconitifolius, etc.) in which the flowers are double and of various colors.

Ranz des vaches () The name for numerous simple, but very irregular, melodies of the Swiss mountaineers, blown on a long tube called the Alpine horn, and sometimes sung.

Rap (n.) A lay or skein containing 120 yards of yarn.

Rapped (imp. & p. p.) of Rap

Rapping (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rap

Rap (v. i.) To strike with a quick, sharp blow; to knock; as, to rap on the door.

Rap (v. t.) To strike with a quick blow; to knock on.

Rap (v. t.) To free (a pattern) in a mold by light blows on the pattern, so as to facilitate its removal.

Rap (n.) A quick, smart blow; a knock.

Rapped (imp. & p. p.) of Rap

Rapt () of Rap

Rapping (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rap

Rap (v.) To snatch away; to seize and hurry off.

Rap (v.) To hasten.

Rap (v.) To seize and bear away, as the mind or thoughts; to transport out of one's self; to affect with ecstasy or rapture; as, rapt into admiration.

Rap (v.) To exchange; to truck.

Rap (n.) A popular name for any of the tokens that passed current for a half-penny in Ireland in the early part of the eighteenth century; any coin of trifling value.

Rapaces (n. pl.) Same as Accipitres.

Rapacious (a.) Given to plunder; disposed or accustomed to seize by violence; seizing by force.

Rapacious (a.) Accustomed to seize food; subsisting on prey, or animals seized by violence; as, a tiger is a rapacious animal; a rapacious bird.

Rapacious (a.) Avaricious; grasping; extortionate; also, greedy; ravenous; voracious; as, rapacious usurers; a rapacious appetite.

Rapacity (n.) The quality of being rapacious; rapaciousness; ravenousness; as, the rapacity of pirates; the rapacity of wolves.

Rapacity (n.) The act or practice of extorting or exacting by oppressive injustice; exorbitant greediness of gain.

Raparee (n.) See Rapparee.

Rape (n.) Fruit, as grapes, plucked from the cluster.

Rape (n.) The refuse stems and skins of grapes or raisins from which the must has been expressed in wine making.

Rape (n.) A filter containing the above refuse, used in clarifying and perfecting malt, vinegar, etc.

Rape (n.) The act of seizing and carrying away by force; violent seizure; robbery.

Rape (n.) Sexual connection with a woman without her consent. See Age of consent, under Consent, n.

Rape (n.) That which is snatched away.

Rape (n.) Movement, as in snatching; haste; hurry.

Rape (v. t.) To commit rape upon; to ravish.

Rape (v. i.) To rob; to pillage.

Rape (n.) One of six divisions of the county of Sussex, England, intermediate between a hundred and a shire.

Rape (n.) A name given to a variety or to varieties of a plant of the turnip kind, grown for seeds and herbage. The seeds are used for the production of rape oil, and to a limited extent for the food of cage birds.

Rapeful (a.) Violent.

Rapeful (a.) Given to the commission of rape.

Rapfully (adv.) Violently.

Raphaelesque (a.) Like Raphael's works; in Raphael's manner of painting.

Raphaelism (n.) The principles of painting introduced by Raphael, the Italian painter.

Raphaelite (n.) One who advocates or adopts the principles of Raphaelism.

Raphany (n.) A convulsive disease, attended with ravenous hunger, not uncommon in Sweden and Germany. It was so called because supposed to be caused by eating corn with which seeds of jointed charlock (Raphanus raphanistrum) had been mixed, but the condition is now known to be a form of ergotism.

Raphe (n.) A line, ridge, furrow, or band of fibers, especially in the median line; as, the raphe of the tongue.

Raphe (n.) Same as Rhaphe.

Raphides (n. pl.) See Rhaphides.

Rapid (a.) Very swift or quick; moving with celerity; fast; as, a rapid stream; a rapid flight; a rapid motion.

Rapid (a.) Advancing with haste or speed; speedy in progression; in quick sequence; as, rapid growth; rapid improvement; rapid recurrence; rapid succession.

Rapid (a.) Quick in execution; as, a rapid penman.

Rapid (a.) The part of a river where the current moves with great swiftness, but without actual waterfall or cascade; -- usually in the plural; as, the Lachine rapids in the St. Lawrence.

Rapidity (n.) The quality or state of being rapid; swiftness; celerity; velocity; as, the rapidity of a current; rapidity of speech; rapidity of growth or improvement.

Rapidly (adv.) In a rapid manner.

Rapidness (n.) Quality of being rapid; rapidity.

Rapier (n.) A straight sword, with a narrow and finely pointed blade, used only for thrusting.

Rapiered (a.) Wearing a rapier.

Rapilli (n. pl.) Lapilli.

Rapine (n.) The act of plundering; the seizing and carrying away of things by force; spoliation; pillage; plunder.

Rapine (n.) Ravishment; rape.

Rapine (v. t.) To plunder.

Rapinous (a.) Given to rapine.

Rappage (n.) The enlargement of a mold caused by rapping the pattern.

Rapparee (n.) A wild Irish plunderer, esp. one of the 17th century; -- so called from his carrying a half-pike, called a rapary.

Rapped () imp. & p. p. of Rap, to strike.

Rapped () imp. & p. p. of Rap, to snatch away.

Rappee (v.) A pungent kind of snuff made from the darker and ranker kinds of tobacco leaves.

Rappel (n.) The beat of the drum to call soldiers to arms.

Rapper (n.) One who, or that which, raps or knocks; specifically, the knocker of a door.

Rapper (n.) A forcible oath or lie.

Rapport (n.) Relation; proportion; conformity; correspondence; accord.

Rapscallion (n.) A rascal; a good-for-nothing fellow.

Rapt () imp. & p. p. of Rap, to snatch away.

Rapt (a.) Snatched away; hurried away or along.

Rapt (a.) Transported with love, admiration, delight, etc.; enraptured.

Rapt (a.) Wholly absorbed or engrossed, as in work or meditation.

Rapt (a.) An ecstasy; a trance.

Rapt (a.) Rapidity.

Rapt (v. t.) To transport or ravish.

Rapt (v. t.) To carry away by force.

Rapter (n.) A raptor.

Raptor (n.) A ravisher; a plunderer.

Raptores (n. pl.) Same as Accipitres. Called also Raptatores.

Raptorial (a.) Rapacious; living upon prey; -- said especially of certain birds.

Raptorial (a.) Adapted for seizing prey; -- said of the legs, claws, etc., of insects, birds, and other animals.

Raptorial (a.) Of or pertaining to the Raptores. See Illust. (f) of Aves.

Raptorious (a.) Raptorial.

Rapture (n.) A seizing by violence; a hurrying along; rapidity with violence.

Rapture (n.) The state or condition of being rapt, or carried away from one's self by agreeable excitement; violence of a pleasing passion; extreme joy or pleasure; ecstasy.

Rapture (n.) A spasm; a fit; a syncope; delirium.

Raptured (imp. & p. p.) of Rapture

Rapturing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rapture

Rapture (v. t.) To transport with excitement; to enrapture.

Rapturist (n.) An enthusiast.

Rapturize (v. t. & i.) To put, or be put, in a state of rapture.

Rapturous (a.) Ecstatic; transporting; ravishing; feeling, expressing, or manifesting rapture; as, rapturous joy, pleasure, or delight; rapturous applause.

Rapturously (adv.) In a rapturous manner.

Rare (a.) Early.

Rare (superl.) Nearly raw; partially cooked; not thoroughly cooked; underdone; as, rare beef or mutton.

Rare (superl.) Not frequent; seldom met with or occurring; unusual; as, a rare event.

Rare (superl.) Of an uncommon nature; unusually excellent; valuable to a degree seldom found.

Rare (superl.) Thinly scattered; dispersed.

Rare (superl.) Characterized by wide separation of parts; of loose texture; not thick or dense; thin; as, a rare atmosphere at high elevations.

Rarebit (n.) A dainty morsel; a Welsh rabbit. See Welsh rabbit, under Rabbit.

Raree-show (n.) A show carried about in a box; a peep show.

Rarefaction (n.) The act or process of rarefying; the state of being rarefied; -- opposed to condensation; as, the rarefaction of air.

Rarefiable (a.) Capable of being rarefied.

Rarefied (imp. & p. p.) of Rarefy

Rarefying (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rarefy

Rarefy (v. t.) To make rare, thin, porous, or less dense; to expand or enlarge without adding any new portion of matter to; -- opposed to condense.

Rarefy (v. i.) To become less dense; to become thin and porous.

Rarely (adv.) In a rare manner or degree; seldom; not often; as, things rarely seen.

Rarely (adv.) Finely; excellently; with rare skill. See 3d Rare, 2.

Rareness (n.) The state or quality of being rare.

Rareripe (a.) Early ripe; ripe before others, or before the usual season.

Rareripe (n.) An early ripening fruit, especially a kind of freestone peach.

Rarification (n.) See Rarefaction.

Rarities (pl. ) of Rarity

Rarity (n.) The quality or state of being rare; rareness; thinness; as, the rarity (contrasted with the density) of gases.

Rarity (n.) That which is rare; an uncommon thing; a thing valued for its scarcity.

Ras (n.) See 2d Reis.

Rasante (a.) Sweeping; grazing; -- applied to a style of fortification in which the command of the works over each other, and over the country, is kept very low, in order that the shot may more effectually sweep or graze the ground before them.

Rascal (v.) One of the rabble; a low, common sort of person or creature; collectively, the rabble; the common herd; also, a lean, ill-conditioned beast, esp. a deer.

Rascal (v.) A mean, trickish fellow; a base, dishonest person; a rogue; a scoundrel; a trickster.

Rascal (a.) Of or pertaining to the common herd or common people; low; mean; base.

Rascaldom (n.) State of being a rascal; rascality; domain of rascals; rascals, collectively.

Rascaless (n.) A female rascal.

Rascalities (pl. ) of Rascality

Rascality (n.) The quality or state of being rascally, or a rascal; mean trickishness or dishonesty; base fraud.

Rascality (n.) The poorer and lower classes of people.

Rascallion (n.) A low, mean wretch.

Rascally (a.) Like a rascal; trickish or dishonest; base; worthless; -- often in humorous disparagement, without implication of dishonesty.

Rased (imp. & p. p.) of Rase

Rasing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rase

Rase (v. t.) To rub along the surface of; to graze.

Rase (v. t.) To rub or scratch out; to erase.

Rase (v. t.) To level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to raze.

Rase (v. i.) To be leveled with the ground; to fall; to suffer overthrow.

Rase (n.) A scratching out, or erasure.

Rase (n.) A slight wound; a scratch.

Rase (n.) A way of measuring in which the commodity measured was made even with the top of the measuring vessel by rasing, or striking off, all that was above it.

Rash (v. t.) To pull off or pluck violently.

Rash (v. t.) To slash; to hack; to cut; to slice.

Rash (n.) A fine eruption or efflorescence on the body, with little or no elevation.

Rash (n.) An inferior kind of silk, or mixture of silk and worsted.

Rash (superl.) Sudden in action; quick; hasty.

Rash (superl.) Requiring sudden action; pressing; urgent.

Rash (superl.) Esp., overhasty in counsel or action; precipitate; resolving or entering on a project or measure without due deliberation and caution; opposed to prudent; said of persons; as, a rash statesman or commander.

Rash (superl.) Uttered or undertaken with too much haste or too little reflection; as, rash words; rash measures.

Rash (superl.) So dry as to fall out of the ear with handling, as corn.

Rash (v. t.) To prepare with haste.

Rasher (n.) A thin slice of bacon.

Rasher (n.) A California rockfish (Sebastichthys miniatus).

Rashful (a.) Rash; hasty; precipitate.

Rashling (n.) A rash person.

Rashly (adv.) In a rash manner; with precipitation.

Rashness (n.) The quality or state of being rash.

Raskolnik (n.) One of the separatists or dissenters from the established or Greek church in Russia.

Rasores (v. t.) An order of birds; the Gallinae.

Rasorial (a.) Of or pertaining to the Rasores, or gallinaceous birds, as the peacock, domestic fowl, partridge, quail, and the like.

Rasour (n.) Razor.

Rasped (imp. & p. p.) of Rasp

Rasping (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rasp

Rasp (v. t.) To rub or file with a rasp; to rub or grate with a rough file; as, to rasp wood to make it smooth; to rasp bones to powder.

Rasp (v. t.) Hence, figuratively: To grate harshly upon; to offend by coarse or rough treatment or language; as, some sounds rasp the ear; his insults rasped my temper.

Rasp (v.) A coarse file, on which the cutting prominences are distinct points raised by the oblique stroke of a sharp punch, instead of lines raised by a chisel, as on the true file.

Rasp (v.) The raspberry.

Raspatorium (n.) See Raspatory.

Raspatory (v.) A surgeon's rasp.

Raspberry (n.) The thimble-shaped fruit of the Rubus Idaeus and other similar brambles; as, the black, the red, and the white raspberry.

Raspberry (n.) The shrub bearing this fruit.

Rasper (n.) One who, or that which, rasps; a scraper.

Raspis (n.) The raspberry.

Raspy (a.) Like a rasp, or the sound made by a rasp; grating.

Rasse (n.) A carnivore (Viverricula Mallaccensis) allied to the civet but smaller, native of China and the East Indies. It furnishes a perfume resembling that of the civet, which is highly prized by the Javanese. Called also Malacca weasel, and lesser civet.

Rasure (v.) The act of rasing, scraping, or erasing; erasure; obliteration.

Rasure (v.) A mark by which a letter, word, or any part of a writing or print, is erased, effaced, or obliterated; an erasure.

Rat (n.) One of several species of small rodents of the genus Mus and allied genera, larger than mice, that infest houses, stores, and ships, especially the Norway, or brown, rat (M. decumanus), the black rat (M. rattus), and the roof rat (M. Alexandrinus). These were introduced into America from the Old World.

Rat (n.) A round and tapering mass of hair, or similar material, used by women to support the puffs and rolls of their natural hair.

Rat (n.) One who deserts his party or associates; hence, in the trades, one who works for lower wages than those prescribed by a trades union.

Ratted (imp. & p. p.) of Rat

Ratting (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rat

Rat (v. i.) In English politics, to desert one's party from interested motives; to forsake one's associates for one's own advantage; in the trades, to work for less wages, or on other conditions, than those established by a trades union.

Rat (v. i.) To catch or kill rats.

Rata (n.) A New Zealand forest tree (Metrosideros robusta), also, its hard dark red wood, used by the Maoris for paddles and war clubs.

Ratability (n.) The quality or state of being ratable.

Ratable (a.) Capable of being rated, or set at a certain value.

Ratable (a.) Liable to, or subjected by law to, taxation; as, ratable estate.

Ratable (a.) Made at a proportionate rate; as, ratable payments.

Ratafia (n.) A spirituous liquor flavored with the kernels of cherries, apricots, peaches, or other fruit, spiced, and sweetened with sugar; -- a term applied to the liqueurs called noyau, cura/ao, etc.

Ratan (n.) See Rattan.

Ratany (n.) Same as Rhatany.

Rataplan (n.) The iterative sound of beating a drum, or of a galloping horse.

Ratch (n.) Same as Rotche.

Ratch (n.) A ratchet wheel, or notched bar, with which a pawl or click works.

Ratchel (n.) Gravelly stone.

Ratchet (n.) A pawl, click, or detent, for holding or propelling a ratchet wheel, or ratch, etc.

Ratchet (n.) A mechanism composed of a ratchet wheel, or ratch, and pawl. See Ratchet wheel, below, and 2d Ratch.

Rate (v. t. & i.) To chide with vehemence; to scold; to censure violently.

Rate (n.) Established portion or measure; fixed allowance.

Rate (n.) That which is established as a measure or criterion; degree; standard; rank; proportion; ratio; as, a slow rate of movement; rate of interest is the ratio of the interest to the principal, per annum.

Rate (n.) Valuation; price fixed with relation to a standard; cost; charge; as, high or low rates of transportation.

Rate (n.) A tax or sum assessed by authority on property for public use, according to its income or value; esp., in England, a local tax; as, parish rates; town rates.

Rate (n.) Order; arrangement.

Rate (n.) Ratification; approval.

Rate (n.) The gain or loss of a timepiece in a unit of time; as, daily rate; hourly rate; etc.

Rate (n.) The order or class to which a war vessel belongs, determined according to its size, armament, etc.; as, first rate, second rate, etc.

Rate (n.) The class of a merchant vessel for marine insurance, determined by its relative safety as a risk, as A1, A2, etc.

Rated (imp. & p. p.) of Rate

Rating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rate

Rate (v. t.) To set a certain estimate on; to value at a certain price or degree.

Rate (v. t.) To assess for the payment of a rate or tax.

Rate (v. t.) To settle the relative scale, rank, position, amount, value, or quality of; as, to rate a ship; to rate a seaman; to rate a pension.

Rate (v. t.) To ratify.

Rate (v. i.) To be set or considered in a class; to have rank; as, the ship rates as a ship of the line.

Rate (v. i.) To make an estimate.

Rateable (a.) See Ratable.

Ratel (n.) Any carnivore of the genus Mellivora, allied to the weasels and the skunks; -- called also honey badger.

Ratepayer (n.) One who pays rates or taxes.

Rater (n.) One who rates or estimates.

Rater (n.) One who rates or scolds.

Ratfish (n.) Same as Rat-tail.

Rath (n.) A hill or mound.

Rath (n.) A kind of ancient fortification found in Ireland.

Rath (a.) Alt. of Rathe

Rathe (a.) Coming before others, or before the usual time; early.

Rath (adv.) Alt. of Rathe

Rathe (adv.) Early; soon; betimes.

Rather (a.) Prior; earlier; former.

Rather (a.) Earlier; sooner; before.

Rather (a.) More readily or willingly; preferably.

Rather (a.) On the other hand; to the contrary of what was said or suggested; instead.

Rather (a.) Of two alternatives conceived of, this by preference to, or as more likely than, the other; somewhat.

Rather (a.) More properly; more correctly speaking.

Rather (a.) In some degree; somewhat; as, the day is rather warm; the house is rather damp.

Rathripe (a.) Rareripe, or early ripe.

Rathripe (n.) A rareripe.

Ratification (n.) The act of ratifying; the state of being ratified; confirmation; sanction; as, the ratification of a treaty.

Ratifier (n.) One who, or that which, ratifies; a confirmer.

Ratified (imp. & p. p.) of Ratify

Ratifying (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ratify

Ratify (n.) To approve and sanction; to make valid; to confirm; to establish; to settle; especially, to give sanction to, as something done by an agent or servant; as, to ratify an agreement, treaty, or contract; to ratify a nomination.

Ratihabition (n.) Confirmation or approbation, as of an act or contract.

Ratio (n.) The relation which one quantity or magnitude has to another of the same kind. It is expressed by the quotient of the division of the first by the second; thus, the ratio of 3 to 6 is expressed by / or /; of a to b by a/b; or (less commonly) the second term is made the dividend; as, a:b = b/a.

Ratio (n.) Hence, fixed relation of number, quantity, or degree; rate; proportion; as, the ratio of representation in Congress.

Ratiocinate (v. i.) To reason, esp. deductively; to offer reason or argument.

Ratiocination (n.) The process of reasoning, or deducing conclusions from premises; deductive reasoning.

Ratiocinative (a.) Characterized by, or addicted to, ratiocination; consisting in the comparison of propositions or facts, and the deduction of inferences from the comparison; argumentative; as, a ratiocinative process.

Ratiocinatory (a.) Ratiocinative.

Ration (n.) A fixed daily allowance of provisions assigned to a soldier in the army, or a sailor in the navy, for his subsistence.

Ration (n.) Hence, a certain portion or fixed amount dealt out; an allowance; an allotment.

Ration (v. t.) To supply with rations, as a regiment.

Rational (a.) Relating to the reason; not physical; mental.

Rational (a.) Having reason, or the faculty of reasoning; endowed with reason or understanding; reasoning.

Rational (a.) Agreeable to reason; not absurd, preposterous, extravagant, foolish, fanciful, or the like; wise; judicious; as, rational conduct; a rational man.

Rational (a.) Expressing the type, structure, relations, and reactions of a compound; graphic; -- said of formulae. See under Formula.

Rational (n.) A rational being.

Rationale (a.) An explanation or exposition of the principles of some opinion, action, hypothesis, phenomenon, or the like; also, the principles themselves.

Rationalism (n.) The doctrine or system of those who deduce their religious opinions from reason or the understanding, as distinct from, or opposed to, revelation.

Rationalism (n.) The system that makes rational power the ultimate test of truth; -- opposed to sensualism, or sensationalism, and empiricism.

Rationalist (n.) One who accepts rationalism as a theory or system; also, disparagingly, a false reasoner. See Citation under Reasonist.

Rationalistic (a.) Alt. of Rationalistical

Rationalistical (a.) Belonging to, or in accordance with, the principles of rationalism.

-ties (pl. ) of Rationality

Rationality (n.) The quality or state of being rational; agreement with reason; possession of reason; due exercise of reason; reasonableness.

Rationalization (n.) The act or process of rationalizing.

Rationalize (v. t.) To make rational; also, to convert to rationalism.

Rationalize (v. t.) To interpret in the manner of a rationalist.

Rationalize (v. t.) To form a rational conception of.

Rationalize (v. t.) To render rational; to free from radical signs or quantities.

Rationalize (v. i.) To use, and rely on, reason in forming a theory, belief, etc., especially in matters of religion: to accord with the principles of rationalism.

Rationally (adv.) In a rational manner.

Rationalness (n.) The quality or state of being rational; rationality.

Ratitae (n. pl.) An order of birds in which the wings are small, rudimentary, or absent, and the breastbone is destitute of a keel. The ostrich, emu, moa, and apteryx are examples.

Ratitate (a.) Of or pertaining to the Ratitae.

Ratite (a.) Of or pertaining to the Ratitae.

Ratite (n.) One of the Ratitae.

Ratlines (n. pl.) Alt. of Ratlins

Ratlins (n. pl.) The small transverse ropes attached to the shrouds and forming the steps of a rope ladder.

Raton (n.) A small rat.

Ratoon (n.) Same as Rattoon, n.

Ratoon (n.) A rattan cane.

Ratoon (v. i.) Same as Rattoon, v. i.

Ratsbane (n.) Rat poison; white arsenic.

Ratsbaned (a.) Poisoned by ratsbane.

Rat-tail (a.) Like a rat's tail in form; as, a rat-tail file, which is round, slender, and tapering. See Illust. of File.

Rat-tail (n.) An excrescence growing from the pastern to the middle of the shank of a horse.

Rat-tail (n.) The California chimaera. See Chimaera.

Rat-tail (n.) Any fish of the genus Macrurus. See Grenadier, 2.

Rat-tailed (a.) Having a long, tapering tail like that of a rat.

Rattan (n.) One of the long slender flexible stems of several species of palms of the genus Calamus, mostly East Indian, though some are African and Australian. They are exceedingly tough, and are used for walking sticks, wickerwork, chairs and seats of chairs, cords and cordage, and many other purposes.

Ratteen (n.) A thick woolen stuff quilled or twilled.

Ratten (v. t.) To deprive feloniously of the tools used in one's employment (as by breaking or stealing them), for the purpose of annoying; as, to ratten a mechanic who works during a strike.

Ratter (n.) One who, or that which, rats, as one who deserts his party.

Ratter (n.) Anything which catches rats; esp., a dog trained to catch rats; a rat terrier. See Terrier.

Rattinet (n.) A woolen stuff thinner than ratteen.

Ratting (n.) The conduct or practices of one who rats. See Rat, v. i., 1.

Ratting (v. i.) The low sport of setting a dog upon rats confined in a pit to see how many he will kill in a given time.

Rattled (imp. & p. p.) of Rattle

Rattling (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rattle

Rattle (v. i.) To make a quick succession of sharp, inharmonious noises, as by the collision of hard and not very sonorous bodies shaken together; to clatter.

Rattle (v. i.) To drive or ride briskly, so as to make a clattering; as, we rattled along for a couple of miles.

Rattle (v. i.) To make a clatter with the voice; to talk rapidly and idly; to clatter; -- with on or away; as, she rattled on for an hour.

Rattle (v. t.) To cause to make a rattling or clattering sound; as, to rattle a chain.

Rattle (v. t.) To assail, annoy, or stun with a rattling noise.

Rattle (v. t.) Hence, to disconcert; to confuse; as, to rattle one's judgment; to rattle a player in a game.

Rattle (v. t.) To scold; to rail at.

Rattle (n.) A rapid succession of sharp, clattering sounds; as, the rattle of a drum.

Rattle (n.) Noisy, rapid talk.

Rattle (n.) An instrument with which a rattling sound is made; especially, a child's toy that rattles when shaken.

Rattle (n.) A noisy, senseless talker; a jabberer.

Rattle (n.) A scolding; a sharp rebuke.

Rattle (n.) Any organ of an animal having a structure adapted to produce a rattling sound.

Rattle (n.) The noise in the throat produced by the air in passing through mucus which the lungs are unable to expel; -- chiefly observable at the approach of death, when it is called the death rattle. See R/le.

Rattlebox (n.) A toy that makes a rattling sound; a rattle.

Rattlebox (n.) An American herb (Crotalaria sagittalis), the seeds of which, when ripe, rattle in the inflated pod.

Rattlebox (n.) Any species of Crotalaria, a genus of yellow-flowered herbs, with inflated, many-seeded pods.

Rattle-brained (a.) Giddy; rattle-headed.

Rattlehead (n.) An empty, noisy talker.

Rattle-headed (a.) Noisy; giddy; unsteady.

Rattlemouse (n.) A bat.

Rattlepate (n.) A rattlehead.

Rattle-pated (a.) Rattle-headed.

Rattler (n.) One who, or that which, rattles.

Rattlesnake (n.) Any one of several species of venomous American snakes belonging to the genera Crotalus and Caudisona, or Sistrurus. They have a series of horny interlocking joints at the end of the tail which make a sharp rattling sound when shaken. The common rattlesnake of the Northern United States (Crotalus horridus), and the diamond rattlesnake of the South (C. adamanteus), are the best known. See Illust. of Fang.

Rattletrap (n.) Any machine or vehicle that does not run smoothly.

Rattleweed (n.) Any plant of the genus Astragalus. See Milk vetch.

Rattlewings (n.) The golden-eye.

Rattlewort (n.) Same as Rattlebox.

Rattlings (n. pl.) Ratlines.

Rattoon (n.) One of the stems or shoots of sugar cane of the second year's growth from the root, or later. See Plant-cane.

Rattooned (imp. & p. p.) of Rattoon

Rattooning (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rattoon

Rattoon (v. i.) To sprout or spring up from the root, as sugar cane from the root of the previous year's planting.

Raucid (a.) Hoarse; raucous.

Raucity (n.) Harshness of sound; rough utterance; hoarseness; as, the raucity of a trumpet, or of the human voice.

Raucous (a.) Hoarse; harsh; rough; as, a raucous, thick tone.

Raught () imp. & p. p. of Reach.

Raught () imp. & p. p. of Reck.

Raunch (v. t.) See Ranch.

Raunsoun (n.) Ransom.

Ravage (n.) Desolation by violence; violent ruin or destruction; devastation; havoc; waste; as, the ravage of a lion; the ravages of fire or tempest; the ravages of an army, or of time.

Ravaged (imp. & p. p.) of Ravage

Ravaging (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ravage

Ravage (n.) To lay waste by force; to desolate by violence; to commit havoc or devastation upon; to spoil; to plunder; to consume.

Ravager (n.) One who, or that which, ravages or lays waste; spoiler.

Rave () imp. of Rive.

Rave (n.) One of the upper side pieces of the frame of a wagon body or a sleigh.

Raved (imp. & p. p.) of Rave

Raving (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rave

Rave (v. i.) To wander in mind or intellect; to be delirious; to talk or act irrationally; to be wild, furious, or raging, as a madman.

Rave (v. i.) To rush wildly or furiously.

Rave (v. i.) To talk with unreasonable enthusiasm or excessive passion or excitement; -- followed by about, of, or on; as, he raved about her beauty.

Rave (v. t.) To utter in madness or frenzy; to say wildly; as, to rave nonsense.

Ravehook (n.) A tool, hooked at the end, for enlarging or clearing seams for the reception of oakum.

Raveled (imp. & p. p.) of Ravel

Ravelled () of Ravel

Raveling (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ravel

Ravelling () of Ravel

Ravel (v. t.) To separate or undo the texture of; to take apart; to untwist; to unweave or unknit; -- often followed by out; as, to ravel a twist; to ravel out a stocking.

Ravel (v. t.) To undo the intricacies of; to disentangle.

Ravel (v. t.) To pull apart, as the threads of a texture, and let them fall into a tangled mass; hence, to entangle; to make intricate; to involve.

Ravel (v. i.) To become untwisted or unwoven; to be disentangled; to be relieved of intricacy.

Ravel (v. i.) To fall into perplexity and confusion.

Ravel (v. i.) To make investigation or search, as by picking out the threads of a woven pattern.

Raveler (n.) One who ravels.

Ravelin (n.) A detached work with two embankments which make a salient angle. It is raised before the curtain on the counterscarp of the place. Formerly called demilune, and half-moon.

Raveling (n.) The act of untwisting or of disentangling.

Raveling (n.) That which is raveled out; esp., a thread detached from a texture.

Raven (n.) A large black passerine bird (Corvus corax), similar to the crow, but larger. It is native of the northern parts of Europe, Asia, and America, and is noted for its sagacity.

Raven (a.) Of the color of the raven; jet black; as, raven curls; raven darkness.

Raven (n.) Rapine; rapacity.

Raven (n.) Prey; plunder; food obtained by violence.

Ravened (imp. & p. p.) of Raven

Ravening (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Raven

Raven (v. t.) To obtain or seize by violence.

Raven (v. t.) To devour with great eagerness.

Raven (v. i.) To prey with rapacity; to be greedy; to show rapacity.

Ravenala (n.) A genus of plants related to the banana.

Ravener (n.) One who, or that which, ravens or plunders.

Ravener (n.) A bird of prey, as the owl or vulture.

Ravening (n.) Eagerness for plunder; rapacity; extortion.

Ravening (a.) Greedily devouring; rapacious; as, ravening wolves.

Ravenous (a.) Devouring with rapacious eagerness; furiously voracious; hungry even to rage; as, a ravenous wolf or vulture.

Ravenous (a.) Eager for prey or gratification; as, a ravenous appetite or desire.

Raven's-duck (n.) A fine quality of sailcloth.

Raver (n.) One who raves.

Ravin (a.) Ravenous.

Ravin (n.) Alt. of Ravine

Ravine (n.) Food obtained by violence; plunder; prey; raven.

Ravin (v. t. & i.) Alt. of Ravine

Ravine (v. t. & i.) See Raven, v. t. & i.

Ravine (n.) A torrent of water.

Ravine (n.) A deep and narrow hollow, usually worn by a stream or torrent of water; a gorge; a mountain cleft.

Raving (a.) Talking irrationally and wildly; as, a raving lunatic.

Ravished (imp. & p. p.) of Ravish

Ravishing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ravish

Ravish (v. t.) To seize and carry away by violence; to snatch by force.

Ravish (v. t.) To transport with joy or delight; to delight to ecstasy.

Ravish (v. t.) To have carnal knowledge of (a woman) by force, and against her consent; to rape.

Ravisher (n.) One who ravishes (in any sense).

Ravishing (a.) Rapturous; transporting.

Ravishingly (adv.) In a ravishing manner.

Ravishment (n.) The act of carrying away by force or against consent; abduction; as, the ravishment of children from their parents, of a ward from his guardian, or of a wife from her husband.

Ravishment (n.) The state of being ravished; rapture; transport of delight; ecstasy.

Ravishment (n.) The act of ravishing a woman; rape.

Ravissant (a.) In a half-raised position, as if about to spring on prey.

Raw (superl.) Not altered from its natural state; not prepared by the action of heat; as, raw sienna; specifically, not cooked; not changed by heat to a state suitable for eating; not done; as, raw meat.

Raw (superl.) Hence: Unprepared for use or enjoyment; immature; unripe; unseasoned; inexperienced; unpracticed; untried; as, raw soldiers; a raw recruit.

Raw (superl.) Not worked in due form; in the natural state; untouched by art; unwrought.

Raw (superl.) Not distilled; as, raw water

Raw (superl.) Not spun or twisted; as, raw silk or cotton

Raw (superl.) Not mixed or diluted; as, raw spirits

Raw (superl.) Not tried; not melted and strained; as, raw tallow

Raw (superl.) Not tanned; as, raw hides

Raw (superl.) Not trimmed, covered, or folded under; as, the raw edge of a piece of metal or of cloth.

Raw (superl.) Not covered; bare.

Raw (superl.) Bald.

Raw (superl.) Deprived of skin; galled; as, a raw sore.

Raw (superl.) Sore, as if by being galled.

Raw (superl.) Disagreeably damp or cold; chilly; bleak; as, a raw wind.

Raw (n.) A raw, sore, or galled place; a sensitive spot; as, to touch one on the raw.

Rawbone (a.) Rawboned.

Rawboned (a.) Having little flesh on the bones; gaunt.

Rawhead (n.) A specter mentioned to frighten children; as, rawhead and bloodybones.

Rawhide (n.) A cowhide, or coarse riding whip, made of untanned (or raw) hide twisted.

Rawish (a.) Somewhat raw.

Rawly (adv.) In a raw manner; unskillfully; without experience.

Rawly (adv.) Without proper preparation or provision.

Rawness (n.) The quality or state of being raw.

Ray (v. t.) To array.

Ray (v. t.) To mark, stain, or soil; to streak; to defile.

Ray (n.) Array; order; arrangement; dress.

Ray (n.) One of a number of lines or parts diverging from a common point or center, like the radii of a circle; as, a star of six rays.

Ray (n.) A radiating part of a flower or plant; the marginal florets of a compound flower, as an aster or a sunflower; one of the pedicels of an umbel or other circular flower cluster; radius. See Radius.

Ray (n.) One of the radiating spines, or cartilages, supporting the fins of fishes.

Ray (n.) One of the spheromeres of a radiate, especially one of the arms of a starfish or an ophiuran.

Ray (n.) A line of light or heat proceeding from a radiant or reflecting point; a single element of light or heat propagated continuously; as, a solar ray; a polarized ray.

Ray (n.) One of the component elements of the total radiation from a body; any definite or limited portion of the spectrum; as, the red ray; the violet ray. See Illust. under Light.

Ray (n.) Sight; perception; vision; -- from an old theory of vision, that sight was something which proceeded from the eye to the object seen.

Ray (n.) One of a system of diverging lines passing through a point, and regarded as extending indefinitely in both directions. See Half-ray.

Rayed (imp. & p. p.) of Ray

Raying (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ray

Ray (n.) To mark with long lines; to streak.

Ray (n.) To send forth or shoot out; to cause to shine out; as, to ray smiles.

Ray (v. i.) To shine, as with rays.

Ray (n.) Any one of numerous elasmobranch fishes of the order Raiae, including the skates, torpedoes, sawfishes, etc.

Ray (n.) In a restricted sense, any of the broad, flat, narrow-tailed species, as the skates and sting rays. See Skate.

Rayah (n.) A person not a Mohammedan, who pays the capitation tax.

Ray grass () A perennial European grass (Lolium perenne); -- called also rye grass, and red darnel. See Darnel, and Grass.

Rayless (a.) Destitute of rays; hence, dark; not illuminated; blind; as, a rayless sky; rayless eyes.

Rayon (n.) Ray; beam.

Rayonnant (a.) Darting forth rays, as the sun when it shines out.

Raze (n.) A Shakespearean word (used once) supposed to mean the same as race, a root.

Razed (imp. & p. p.) of Raze

Razing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Raze

Raze (v. t.) To erase; to efface; to obliterate.

Raze (v. t.) To subvert from the foundation; to lay level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to demolish.

Razed (a.) Slashed or striped in patterns.

Razee (v. t.) An armed ship having her upper deck cut away, and thus reduced to the next inferior rate, as a seventy-four cut down to a frigate.

Razeed (imp. & p. p.) of Razee

Razeeing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Razee

Razee (v. t.) To cut down to a less number of decks, and thus to an inferior rate or class, as a ship; hence, to prune or abridge by cutting off or retrenching parts; as, to razee a book, or an article.

Razor (v. t.) A keen-edged knife of peculiar shape, used in shaving the hair from the face or the head.

Razor (v. t.) A tusk of a wild boar.

Razorable (a.) Ready for the razor; fit to be shaved.

Razorback (n.) The rorqual.

Razor-backed (a.) Having a sharp, lean, or thin back; as, a razor-backed hog, perch, etc.

Razorbill (n.) A species of auk (Alca torda) common in the Arctic seas. See Auk, and Illust. in Appendix.

Razorbill (n.) See Cutwater, 3.

Razure (n.) The act of erasing or effacing, or the state of being effaced; obliteration. See Rasure.

Razure (n.) An erasure; a change made by erasing.

Razzia (n.) A plundering and destructive incursion; a foray; a raid.

Re- () A prefix signifying back, against, again, anew; as, recline, to lean back; recall, to call back; recede; remove; reclaim, to call out against; repugn, to fight against; recognition, a knowing again; rejoin, to join again; reiterate; reassure. Combinations containing the prefix re- are readily formed, and are for the most part of obvious signification.

Re () A syllable applied in solmization to the second tone of the diatonic scale of C; in the American system, to the second tone of any diatonic scale.

Reabsorb (v. t.) To absorb again; to draw in, or imbibe, again what has been effused, extravasated, or thrown off; to swallow up again; as, to reabsorb chyle, lymph, etc.; -- used esp. of fluids.

Reabsorption (n.) The act or process of reabsorbing.

Reaccess (n.) A second access or approach; a return.

Reaccuse (v. t.) To accuse again.

Reach (v. i.) To retch.

Reach (n.) An effort to vomit.

Reached (imp. & p. p.) of Reach

Raught () of Reach

Reaching (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reach

Reach (v. t.) To extend; to stretch; to thrust out; to put forth, as a limb, a member, something held, or the like.

Reach (v. t.) Hence, to deliver by stretching out a member, especially the hand; to give with the hand; to pass to another; to hand over; as, to reach one a book.

Reach (v. t.) To attain or obtain by stretching forth the hand; to extend some part of the body, or something held by one, so as to touch, strike, grasp, or the like; as, to reach an object with the hand, or with a spear.

Reach (v. t.) To strike, hit, or touch with a missile; as, to reach an object with an arrow, a bullet, or a shell.

Reach (v. t.) Hence, to extend an action, effort, or influence to; to penetrate to; to pierce, or cut, as far as.

Reach (v. t.) To extend to; to stretch out as far as; to touch by virtue of extent; as, his land reaches the river.

Reach (v. t.) To arrive at; to come to; to get as far as.

Reach (v. t.) To arrive at by effort of any kind; to attain to; to gain; to be advanced to.

Reach (v. t.) To understand; to comprehend.

Reach (v. t.) To overreach; to deceive.

Reach (v. i.) To stretch out the hand.

Reach (v. i.) To strain after something; to make efforts.

Reach (v. i.) To extend in dimension, time, amount, action, influence, etc., so as to touch, attain to, or be equal to, something.

Reach (v. i.) To sail on the wind, as from one point of tacking to another, or with the wind nearly abeam.

Reach (n.) The act of stretching or extending; extension; power of reaching or touching with the person, or a limb, or something held or thrown; as, the fruit is beyond my reach; to be within reach of cannon shot.

Reach (n.) The power of stretching out or extending action, influence, or the like; power of attainment or management; extent of force or capacity.

Reach (n.) Extent; stretch; expanse; hence, application; influence; result; scope.

Reach (n.) An extended portion of land or water; a stretch; a straight portion of a stream or river, as from one turn to another; a level stretch, as between locks in a canal; an arm of the sea extending up into the land.

Reach (n.) An artifice to obtain an advantage.

Reach (n.) The pole or rod which connects the hind axle with the forward bolster of a wagon.

Reachable (a.) Being within reach.

Reacher (n.) One who reaches.

Reacher (n.) An exaggeration.

Reachless (a.) Being beyond reach; lofty.

React (v. t.) To act or perform a second time; to do over again; as, to react a play; the same scenes were reacted at Rome.

React (v. i.) To return an impulse or impression; to resist the action of another body by an opposite force; as, every body reacts on the body that impels it from its natural state.

React (v. i.) To act upon each other; to exercise a reciprocal or a reverse effect, as two or more chemical agents; to act in opposition.

Reaction (n.) Any action in resisting other action or force; counter tendency; movement in a contrary direction; reverse action.

Reaction (n.) The mutual or reciprocal action of chemical agents upon each other, or the action upon such chemical agents of some form of energy, as heat, light, or electricity, resulting in a chemical change in one or more of these agents, with the production of new compounds or the manifestation of distinctive characters. See Blowpipe reaction, Flame reaction, under Blowpipe, and Flame.

Reaction (n.) An action induced by vital resistance to some other action; depression or exhaustion of vital force consequent on overexertion or overstimulation; heightened activity and overaction succeeding depression or shock.

Reaction (n.) The force which a body subjected to the action of a force from another body exerts upon the latter body in the opposite direction.

Reaction (n.) Backward tendency or movement after revolution, reform, or great progress in any direction.

Reactionary (a.) Being, causing, or favoring reaction; as, reactionary movements.

Reactionaries (pl. ) of Reactionary

Reactionary (n.) One who favors reaction, or seeks to undo political progress or revolution.

Reactionist (n.) A reactionary.

Reactive (a.) Having power to react; tending to reaction; of the nature of reaction.

Read (n.) Rennet. See 3d Reed.

Read (imp. & p. p.) of Read

Reading (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Read

Read (v. t.) To advise; to counsel.

Read (v. t.) To interpret; to explain; as, to read a riddle.

Read (v. t.) To tell; to declare; to recite.

Read (v. t.) To go over, as characters or words, and utter aloud, or recite to one's self inaudibly; to take in the sense of, as of language, by interpreting the characters with which it is expressed; to peruse; as, to read a discourse; to read the letters of an alphabet; to read figures; to read the notes of music, or to read music; to read a book.

Read (v. t.) Hence, to know fully; to comprehend.

Read (v. t.) To discover or understand by characters, marks, features, etc.; to learn by observation.

Read (v. t.) To make a special study of, as by perusing textbooks; as, to read theology or law.

Read (v. i.) To give advice or counsel.

Read (v. i.) To tell; to declare.

Read (v. i.) To perform the act of reading; to peruse, or to go over and utter aloud, the words of a book or other like document.

Read (v. i.) To study by reading; as, he read for the bar.

Read (v. i.) To learn by reading.

Read (v. i.) To appear in writing or print; to be expressed by, or consist of, certain words or characters; as, the passage reads thus in the early manuscripts.

Read (v. i.) To produce a certain effect when read; as, that sentence reads queerly.

Read (v. t.) Saying; sentence; maxim; hence, word; advice; counsel. See Rede.

Read (v.) Reading.

Read () imp. & p. p. of Read, v. t. & i.

Read (a.) Instructed or knowing by reading; versed in books; learned.

Readability (n.) The state of being readable; readableness.

Readable (a.) Such as can be read; legible; fit or suitable to be read; worth reading; interesting.

Readdress (v. t.) To address a second time; -- often used reflexively.

Readept (v. t.) To regain; to recover.

Readeption (n.) A regaining; recovery of something lost.

Reader (n.) One who reads.

Reader (n.) One whose distinctive office is to read prayers in a church.

Reader (n.) One who reads lectures on scientific subjects.

Reader (n.) A proof reader.

Reader (n.) One who reads manuscripts offered for publication and advises regarding their merit.

Reader (n.) One who reads much; one who is studious.

Reader (n.) A book containing a selection of extracts for exercises in reading; an elementary book for practice in a language; a reading book.

Readership (n.) The office of reader.

Readily (adv.) In a ready manner; quickly; promptly.

Readily (adv.) Without delay or objection; without reluctance; willingly; cheerfully.

Readiness (n.) The state or quality of being ready; preparation; promptness; aptitude; willingness.

Reading (n.) The act of one who reads; perusal; also, printed or written matter to be read.

Reading (n.) Study of books; literary scholarship; as, a man of extensive reading.

Reading (n.) A lecture or prelection; public recital.

Reading (n.) The way in which anything reads; force of a word or passage presented by a documentary authority; lection; version.

Reading (n.) Manner of reciting, or acting a part, on the stage; way of rendering.

Reading (n.) An observation read from the scale of a graduated instrument; as, the reading of a barometer.

Reading (a.) Of or pertaining to the act of reading; used in reading.

Reading (a.) Addicted to reading; as, a reading community.

Readjourn (v. t.) To adjourn a second time; to adjourn again.

Readjournment (n.) The act of readjourning; a second or repeated adjournment.

Readjust (v. t.) To adjust or settle again; to put in a different order or relation; to rearrange.

Readjuster (n.) One who, or that which, readjusts; in some of the States of the United States, one who advocates a refunding, and sometimes a partial repudiation, of the State debt without the consent of the State's creditors.

Readjustment (n.) A second adjustment; a new or different adjustment.

Readmission (n.) The act of admitting again, or the state of being readmitted; as, the readmission of fresh air into an exhausted receiver; the readmission of a student into a seminary.

Readmit (v. t.) To admit again; to give entrance or access to again.

Readmittance (n.) Allowance to enter again; a second admission.

Readopt (v. t.) To adopt again.

Readorn (v. t.) To adorn again or anew.

Readvance (v. i.) To advance again.

Readvertency (n.) The act of adverting to again, or of reviewing.

Ready (superl.) Prepared for what one is about to do or experience; equipped or supplied with what is needed for some act or event; prepared for immediate movement or action; as, the troops are ready to march; ready for the journey.

Ready (superl.) Fitted or arranged for immediate use; causing no delay for lack of being prepared or furnished.

Ready (superl.) Prepared in mind or disposition; not reluctant; willing; free; inclined; disposed.

Ready (superl.) Not slow or hesitating; quick in action or perception of any kind; dexterous; prompt; easy; expert; as, a ready apprehension; ready wit; a ready writer or workman.

Ready (superl.) Offering itself at once; at hand; opportune; convenient; near; easy.

Ready (superl.) On the point; about; on the brink; near; -- with a following infinitive.

Ready (superl.) A word of command, or a position, in the manual of arms, at which the piece is cocked and held in position to execute promptly the next command, which is, aim.

Ready (adv.) In a state of preparation for immediate action; so as to need no delay.

Ready (n.) Ready money; cash; -- commonly with the; as, he was well supplied with the ready.

Ready (v. t.) To dispose in order.

Ready-made (a.) Made already, or beforehand, in anticipation of need; not made to order; as, ready-made clothing; ready-made jokes.

Ready-witted (a.) Having ready wit.

Reaffirm (v. t.) To affirm again.

Reaffirmance (n.) Alt. of Reaffirmation

Reaffirmation (n.) A second affirmation.

Reafforest (v. t.) To convert again into a forest, as a region of country.

Reafforestation (n.) The act or process of converting again into a forest.

Reagent (n.) A substance capable of producing with another a reaction, especially when employed to detect the presence of other bodies; a test.

Reaggravation (n.) The last monitory, published after three admonitions and before the last excommunication.

Reagree (v. i.) To agree again.

Reak (n.) A rush.

Reak (n.) A prank.

Real (n.) A small Spanish silver coin; also, a denomination of money of account, formerly the unit of the Spanish monetary system.

Real (a.) Royal; regal; kingly.

Real (a.) Actually being or existing; not fictitious or imaginary; as, a description of real life.

Real (a.) True; genuine; not artificial, counterfeit, or factitious; often opposed to ostensible; as, the real reason; real Madeira wine; real ginger.

Real (a.) Relating to things, not to persons.

Real (a.) Having an assignable arithmetical or numerical value or meaning; not imaginary.

Real (a.) Pertaining to things fixed, permanent, or immovable, as to lands and tenements; as, real property, in distinction from personal or movable property.

Real (n.) A realist.

Realgar (n.) Arsenic sulphide, a mineral of a brilliant red color; red orpiment. It is also an artificial product.

Realism (n.) As opposed to nominalism, the doctrine that genera and species are real things or entities, existing independently of our conceptions. According to realism the Universal exists ante rem (Plato), or in re (Aristotle).

Realism (n.) As opposed to idealism, the doctrine that in sense perception there is an immediate cognition of the external object, and our knowledge of it is not mediate and representative.

Realism (n.) Fidelity to nature or to real life; representation without idealization, and making no appeal to the imagination; adherence to the actual fact.

Realist (n.) One who believes in realism; esp., one who maintains that generals, or the terms used to denote the genera and species of things, represent real existences, and are not mere names, as maintained by the nominalists.

Realist (n.) An artist or writer who aims at realism in his work. See Realism, 2.

Realistic (a.) Of or pertaining to the realists; in the manner of the realists; characterized by realism rather than by imagination.

Realistically (adv.) In a realistic manner.

Realities (pl. ) of Reality

Reality (n.) The state or quality of being real; actual being or existence of anything, in distinction from mere appearance; fact.

Reality (n.) That which is real; an actual existence; that which is not imagination, fiction, or pretense; that which has objective existence, and is not merely an idea.

Reality (n.) Loyalty; devotion.

Reality (n.) See 2d Realty, 2.

Realizable (a.) Capable of being realized.

Realization (n.) The act of realizing, or the state of being realized.

Realized (imp. & p. p.) of Realize

Realizing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Realize

Realize (v. t.) To make real; to convert from the imaginary or fictitious into the actual; to bring into concrete existence; to effectuate; to accomplish; as, to realize a scheme or project.

Realize (v. t.) To cause to seem real; to impress upon the mind as actual; to feel vividly or strongly; to make one's own in apprehension or experience.

Realize (v. t.) To convert into real property; to make real estate of; as, to realize his fortune.

Realize (v. t.) To acquire as an actual possession; to obtain as the result of plans and efforts; to gain; to get; as, to realize large profits from a speculation.

Realize (v. t.) To convert into actual money; as, to realize assets.

Realize (v. i.) To convert any kind of property into money, especially property representing investments, as shares in stock companies, bonds, etc.

Realizer (n.) One who realizes.

Realizing (a.) Serving to make real, or to impress on the mind as a reality; as, a realizing view of the danger incurred.

Reallege (v. t.) To allege again.

Realliance (n.) A renewed alliance.

Re-ally (v. t.) To bring together again; to compose or form anew.

Really (adv.) Royally.

Really (adv.) In a real manner; with or in reality; actually; in truth.

Realm (n.) A royal jurisdiction or domain; a region which is under the dominion of a king; a kingdom.

Realm (n.) Hence, in general, province; region; country; domain; department; division; as, the realm of fancy.

Realmless (a.) Destitute of a realm.

Realness (n.) The quality or condition of being real; reality.

Realty (n.) Royalty.

Realty (n.) Loyalty; faithfulness.

Realty (n.) Reality.

Realty (n.) Immobility, or the fixed, permanent nature of real property; as, chattels which savor of the realty; -- so written in legal language for reality.

Realty (n.) Real estate; a piece of real property.

Ream (n.) Cream; also, the cream or froth on ale.

Ream (v. i.) To cream; to mantle.

Ream (v. t.) To stretch out; to draw out into thongs, threads, or filaments.

Ream (n.) A bundle, package, or quantity of paper, usually consisting of twenty quires or 480 sheets.

Reamed (imp. & p. p.) of Ream

Reaming (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ream

Ream (v. t.) To bevel out, as the mouth of a hole in wood or metal; in modern usage, to enlarge or dress out, as a hole, with a reamer.

Reame (n.) Realm.

Reamer (n.) One who, or that which, reams; specifically, an instrument with cutting or scraping edges, used, with a twisting motion, for enlarging a round hole, as the bore of a cannon, etc.

Reamputation (n.) The second of two amputations performed upon the same member.

Reanimate (v. t.) To animate anew; to restore to animation or life; to infuse new life, vigor, spirit, or courage into; to revive; to reinvigorate; as, to reanimate a drowned person; to reanimate disheartened troops; to reanimate languid spirits.

Reanimation (n.) The act or operation of reanimating, or the state of being reanimated; reinvigoration; revival.

Reannex (v. t.) To annex again or anew; to reunite.

Reannexation (n.) Act of reannexing.

Reanswer (v. t. & i.) To answer in return; to repay; to compensate; to make amends for.

Reaped (imp. & p. p.) of Reap

Reaping (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reap

Reap (v. t.) To cut with a sickle, scythe, or reaping machine, as grain; to gather, as a harvest, by cutting.

Reap (v. t.) To gather; to obtain; to receive as a reward or harvest, or as the fruit of labor or of works; -- in a good or a bad sense; as, to reap a benefit from exertions.

Reap (v. t.) To clear of a crop by reaping; as, to reap a field.

Reap (v. t.) To deprive of the beard; to shave.

Reap (v. i.) To perform the act or operation of reaping; to gather a harvest.

Reap (v.) A bundle of grain; a handful of grain laid down by the reaper as it is cut.

Reaper (n.) One who reaps.

Reaper (n.) A reaping machine.

Reapparel (v. t.) To clothe again.

Reappear (v. i.) To appear again.

Reappearance (n.) A second or new appearance; the act or state of appearing again.

Reapplication (n.) The act of reapplying, or the state of being reapplied.

Reapply (v. t. & i.) To apply again.

Reappoint (v. t.) To appoint again.

Reappointment (n.) The act of reappointing, or the state of being reappointed.

Reapportion (v. t.) To apportion again.

Reapportionment (n.) A second or a new apportionment.

Reapproach (v. i. & t.) To approach again or anew.

Rear (adv.) Early; soon.

Rear (n.) The back or hindmost part; that which is behind, or last in order; -- opposed to front.

Rear (n.) Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest.

Rear (a.) Being behind, or in the hindmost part; hindmost; as, the rear rank of a company.

Rear (v. t.) To place in the rear; to secure the rear of.

Reared (imp. & p. p.) of Rear

Rearing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rear

Rear (v. t.) To raise; to lift up; to cause to rise, become erect, etc.; to elevate; as, to rear a monolith.

Rear (v. t.) To erect by building; to set up; to construct; as, to rear defenses or houses; to rear one government on the ruins of another.

Rear (v. t.) To lift and take up.

Rear (v. t.) To bring up to maturity, as young; to educate; to instruct; to foster; as, to rear offspring.

Rear (v. t.) To breed and raise; as, to rear cattle.

Rear (v. t.) To rouse; to stir up.

Rear (v. i.) To rise up on the hind legs, as a horse; to become erect.

Reardorse (n.) Alt. of Reardoss

Reardoss (n.) A reredos.

Rearer (n.) One who, or that which, rears.

Reargue (v. t.) To argue anew or again.

Reargument (n.) An arguing over again, as of a motion made in court.

Rear-horse (n.) A mantis.

Rearly (adv.) Early.

Rearmost (a.) Farthest in the rear; last.

Rearmouse (n.) Alt. of Reremouse

Reremouse (n.) The leather-winged bat (Vespertilio murinus).

Rearrange (v. t.) To arrange again; to arrange in a different way.

Rearrangement (n.) The act of rearranging, or the state of being rearranged.

Rearward (n.) The last troop; the rear of an army; a rear guard. Also used figuratively.

Rearward (a. & adv.) At or toward the rear.

Reascend (v. i.) To rise, mount, or climb again.

Reascend (v. t.) To ascend or mount again; to reach by ascending again.

Reascension (n.) The act of reascending; a remounting.

Reascent (n.) A returning ascent or ascension; acclivity.

Reason (n.) A thought or a consideration offered in support of a determination or an opinion; a just ground for a conclusion or an action; that which is offered or accepted as an explanation; the efficient cause of an occurrence or a phenomenon; a motive for an action or a determination; proof, more or less decisive, for an opinion or a conclusion; principle; efficient cause; final cause; ground of argument.

Reason (n.) The faculty or capacity of the human mind by which it is distinguished from the intelligence of the inferior animals; the higher as distinguished from the lower cognitive faculties, sense, imagination, and memory, and in contrast to the feelings and desires. Reason comprises conception, judgment, reasoning, and the intuitional faculty. Specifically, it is the intuitional faculty, or the faculty of first truths, as distinguished from the understanding, which is called the discursive or ratiocinative faculty.

Reason (n.) Due exercise of the reasoning faculty; accordance with, or that which is accordant with and ratified by, the mind rightly exercised; right intellectual judgment; clear and fair deductions from true principles; that which is dictated or supported by the common sense of mankind; right conduct; right; propriety; justice.

Reason (n.) Ratio; proportion.

Reasoned (imp. & p. p.) of Reason

Reasoning (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reason

Reason (n.) To exercise the rational faculty; to deduce inferences from premises; to perform the process of deduction or of induction; to ratiocinate; to reach conclusions by a systematic comparison of facts.

Reason (n.) Hence: To carry on a process of deduction or of induction, in order to convince or to confute; to formulate and set forth propositions and the inferences from them; to argue.

Reason (n.) To converse; to compare opinions.

Reason (v. t.) To arrange and present the reasons for or against; to examine or discuss by arguments; to debate or discuss; as, I reasoned the matter with my friend.

Reason (v. t.) To support with reasons, as a request.

Reason (v. t.) To persuade by reasoning or argument; as, to reason one into a belief; to reason one out of his plan.

Reason (v. t.) To overcome or conquer by adducing reasons; -- with down; as, to reason down a passion.

Reason (v. t.) To find by logical processes; to explain or justify by reason or argument; -- usually with out; as, to reason out the causes of the librations of the moon.

Reasonable (n.) Having the faculty of reason; endued with reason; rational; as, a reasonable being.

Reasonable (n.) Governed by reason; being under the influence of reason; thinking, speaking, or acting rationally, or according to the dictates of reason; agreeable to reason; just; rational; as, the measure must satisfy all reasonable men.

Reasonable (n.) Not excessive or immoderate; within due limits; proper; as, a reasonable demand, amount, price.

Reasonable (adv.) Reasonably; tolerably.

Reasonableness (n.) Quality of being reasonable.

Reasonably (adv.) In a reasonable manner.

Reasonably (adv.) Moderately; tolerably.

Reasoner (n.) One who reasons or argues; as, a fair reasoner; a close reasoner; a logical reasoner.

Reasoning (n.) The act or process of adducing a reason or reasons; manner of presenting one's reasons.

Reasoning (n.) That which is offered in argument; proofs or reasons when arranged and developed; course of argument.

Reasonist (n.) A rationalist.

Reasonless (a.) Destitute of reason; as, a reasonless man or mind.

Reasonless (a.) Void of reason; not warranted or supported by reason; unreasonable.

Reassemblage (n.) Assemblage a second time or again.

Reassemble (v. t. & i.) To assemble again.

Reassert (v. t.) To assert again or anew; to maintain after an omission to do so.

Reassertion (n.) A second or renewed assertion of the same thing.

Reassessment (n.) A renewed or second assessment.

Reassign (v. t.) To assign back or again; to transfer back what has been assigned.

Reassignment (n.) The act of reassigning.

Reassimilate (v. t. & i.) To assimilate again.

Reassociate (v. t. & i.) To associate again; to bring again into close relations.

Reassume (v. t.) To assume again or anew; to resume.

Reassurance (n.) Assurance or confirmation renewed or repeated.

Reassurance (n.) Same as Reinsurance.

Reassure (v. t.) To assure anew; to restore confidence to; to free from fear or terror.

Reassure (v. t.) To reinsure.

Reassurer (n.) One who reassures.

Reasty (a.) Rusty and rancid; -- applied to salt meat.

Reata (n.) A lariat.

Reattach (v. t.) To attach again.

Reattachment (n.) The act of reattaching; a second attachment.

Reattain (v. t.) To attain again.

Reattainment (n.) The act of reattaining.

Reattempt (v. t.) To attempt again.

Reaume (n.) Realm.

Reaumur (a.) Of or pertaining to Rene Antoine Ferchault de Reaumur; conformed to the scale adopted by Reaumur in graduating the thermometer he invented.

Reaumur (n.) A Reaumur thermometer or scale.

Reaved (imp. & p. p.) of Reave

Reft () of Reave

Raft () of Reave

Reaving (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reave

Reave (v. i.) To take away by violence or by stealth; to snatch away; to rob; to despoil; to bereave. [Archaic]

Reaver (n.) One who reaves.

Reawake (v. i.) To awake again.

Rebanish (v. t.) To banish again.

Rebaptism (n.) A second baptism.

Rebaptization (n.) A second baptism.

Rebaptize (v. t.) To baptize again or a second time.

Rebaptizer (n.) One who rebaptizes.

Rebarbarize (v. t.) To reduce again to barbarism.

Rebate (v. t.) To beat to obtuseness; to deprive of keenness; to blunt; to turn back the point of, as a lance used for exercise.

Rebate (v. t.) To deduct from; to make a discount from, as interest due, or customs duties.

Rebate (v. i.) To abate; to withdraw.

Rebate (n.) Diminution.

Rebate (n.) Deduction; abatement; as, a rebate of interest for immediate payment; a rebate of importation duties.

Rebate (n.) A rectangular longitudinal recess or groove, cut in the corner or edge of any body; a rabbet. See Rabbet.

Rebate (n.) A piece of wood hafted into a long stick, and serving to beat out mortar.

Rebate (n.) An iron tool sharpened something like a chisel, and used for dressing and polishing wood.

Rebate (n.) A kind of hard freestone used in making pavements.

Rebate (v. t.) To cut a rebate in. See Rabbet, v.

Rebatement (n.) Same as 3d Rebate.

Rebato (n.) Same as Rabato.

Rebec (n.) An instrument formerly used which somewhat resembled the violin, having three strings, and being played with a bow.

Rebec (n.) A contemptuous term applied to an old woman.

Rebel (v. i.) Pertaining to rebels or rebellion; acting in revolt; rebellious; as, rebel troops.

Rebel (n.) One who rebels.

Rebelled (imp. & p. p.) of Rebel

Rebelling (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rebel

Rebel (v. i.) To renounce, and resist by force, the authority of the ruler or government to which one owes obedience. See Rebellion.

Rebel (v. i.) To be disobedient to authority; to assume a hostile or insubordinate attitude; to revolt.

Rebeldom (n.) A region infested by rebels; rebels, considered collectively; also, conduct or quality characteristic of rebels.

Rebeller (n.) One who rebels; a rebel.

Rebellion (v. i.) The act of rebelling; open and avowed renunciation of the authority of the government to which one owes obedience, and resistance to its officers and laws, either by levying war, or by aiding others to do so; an organized uprising of subjects for the purpose of coercing or overthrowing their lawful ruler or government by force; revolt; insurrection.

Rebellion (v. i.) Open resistance to, or defiance of, lawful authority.

Rebellious (a.) Engaged in rebellion; disposed to rebel; of the nature of rebels or of rebellion; resisting government or lawful authority by force.

Rebellow (v. i.) To bellow again; to repeat or echo a bellow.

Rebiting (n.) The act or process of deepening worn lines in an etched plate by submitting it again to the action of acid.

Rebloom (v. i.) To bloom again.

Reblossom (v. i.) To blossom again.

Reboant (a.) Rebellowing; resounding loudly.

Reboation (n.) Repetition of a bellow.

Reboil (v. t. & i.) To boil, or to cause to boil, again.

Reboil (v. t. & i.) Fig.: To make or to become hot.

Reborn (p. p.) Born again.

Rebound (v. i.) To spring back; to start back; to be sent back or reverberated by elastic force on collision with another body; as, a rebounding echo.

Rebound (v. i.) To give back an echo.

Rebound (v. i.) To bound again or repeatedly, as a horse.

Rebound (v. t.) To send back; to reverberate.

Rebound (n.) The act of rebounding; resilience.

Rebrace (v. t.) To brace again.

Rebreathe (v. t.) To breathe again.

Rebucous (a.) Rebuking.

Rebuff (n.) Repercussion, or beating back; a quick and sudden resistance.

Rebuff (n.) Sudden check; unexpected repulse; defeat; refusal; repellence; rejection of solicitation.

Rebuffed (imp. & p. p.) of Rebuff

Rebuffing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rebuff

Rebuff (v. t.) To beat back; to offer sudden resistance to; to check; to repel or repulse violently, harshly, or uncourteously.

Rebuild (v. t.) To build again, as something which has been demolished; to construct anew; as, to rebuild a house, a wall, a wharf, or a city.

Rebuilder (n.) One who rebuilds.

Rebukable (a.) Worthy of rebuke or reprehension; reprehensible.

Rebuked (imp. & p. p.) of Rebuke

Rebuking (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rebuke

Rebuke (v. t.) To check, silence, or put down, with reproof; to restrain by expression of disapprobation; to reprehend sharply and summarily; to chide; to reprove; to admonish.

Rebuke (n.) A direct and pointed reproof; a reprimand; also, chastisement; punishment.

Rebuke (n.) Check; rebuff.

Rebukeful (a.) Containing rebuke; of the nature of rebuke.

Rebuker (n.) One who rebukes.

Rebukingly (adv.) By way of rebuke.

Rebullition (n.) The act of boiling up or effervescing.

Rebury (v. t.) To bury again.

Rebuses (pl. ) of Rebus

Rebus (n.) A mode of expressing words and phrases by pictures of objects whose names resemble those words, or the syllables of which they are composed; enigmatical representation of words by figures; hence, a peculiar form of riddle made up of such representations.

Rebus (n.) A pictorial suggestion on a coat of arms of the name of the person to whom it belongs. See Canting arms, under Canting.

Rebus (v. t.) To mark or indicate by a rebus.

Rebutted (imp. & p. p.) of Rebut

Rebutting (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rebut

Rebut (v. t.) To drive or beat back; to repulse.

Rebut (v. t.) To contradict, meet, or oppose by argument, plea, or countervailing proof.

Rebut (v. i.) To retire; to recoil.

Rebut (v. i.) To make, or put in, an answer, as to a plaintiff's surrejoinder.

Rebuttable (a.) Capable of being rebutted.

Rebuttal (n.) The giving of evidence on the part of a plaintiff to destroy the effect of evidence introduced by the defendant in the same suit.

Rebutter (n.) The answer of a defendant in matter of fact to a plaintiff's surrejoinder.

Recadency (n.) A falling back or descending a second time; a relapse.

Recalcitrant (a.) Kicking back; recalcitrating; hence, showing repugnance or opposition; refractory.

Recalcitrate (v. t.) To kick against; to show repugnance to; to rebuff.

Recalcitrate (v. i.) To kick back; to kick against anything; hence, to express repugnance or opposition.

Recalcitration (n.) A kicking back again; opposition; repugnance; refractoriness.

Recall (v. t.) To call back; to summon to return; as, to recall troops; to recall an ambassador.

Recall (v. t.) To revoke; to annul by a subsequent act; to take back; to withdraw; as, to recall words, or a decree.

Recall (v. t.) To call back to mind; to revive in memory; to recollect; to remember; as, to recall bygone days.

Recall (n.) A calling back; a revocation.

Recall (n.) A call on the trumpet, bugle, or drum, by which soldiers are recalled from duty, labor, etc.

Recallable (a.) Capable of being recalled.

Recallment (n.) Recall.

Recanted (imp. & p. p.) of Recant

Recanting (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recant

Recant (v. t.) To withdraw or repudiate formally and publicly (opinions formerly expressed); to contradict, as a former declaration; to take back openly; to retract; to recall.

Recant (v. i.) To revoke a declaration or proposition; to unsay what has been said; to retract; as, convince me that I am wrong, and I will recant.

Recantation (n.) The act of recanting; a declaration that contradicts a former one; that which is thus asserted in contradiction; retraction.

Recanter (n.) One who recants.

Recapacitate (v. t.) To qualify again; to confer capacity on again.

Recapitulate (v. t.) To repeat, as the principal points in a discourse, argument, or essay; to give a summary of the principal facts, points, or arguments of; to relate in brief; to summarize.

Recapitulate (v. i.) To sum up, or enumerate by heads or topics, what has been previously said; to repeat briefly the substance.

Recapitulation (n.) The act of recapitulating; a summary, or concise statement or enumeration, of the principal points, facts, or statements, in a preceding discourse, argument, or essay.

Recapitulator (n.) One who recapitulates.

Recapitulatory (a.) Of the nature of a recapitulation; containing recapitulation.

Recapper (n.) A tool used for applying a fresh percussion cap or primer to a cartridge shell in reloading it.

Recaption (n.) The act of retaking, as of one who has escaped after arrest; reprisal; the retaking of one's own goods, chattels, wife, or children, without force or violence, from one who has taken them and who wrongfully detains them.

Recaptor (n.) One who recaptures; one who takes a prize which had been previously taken.

Recapture (n.) The act of retaking or recovering by capture; especially, the retaking of a prize or goods from a captor.

Recapture (n.) That which is captured back; a prize retaken.

Recapture (v. t.) To capture again; to retake.

Recarbonize (v. t.) To restore carbon to; as, to recarbonize iron in converting it into steel.

Recarnify (v. t.) To convert again into flesh.

Recarriage (n.) Act of carrying back.

Recarry (v. t.) To carry back.

Recast (v. t.) To throw again.

Recast (v. t.) To mold anew; to cast anew; to throw into a new form or shape; to reconstruct; as, to recast cannon; to recast an argument or a play.

Recast (v. t.) To compute, or cast up, a second time.

Recche (v. i.) To reck.

Reccheles (a.) Reckless.

Receded (imp. & p. p.) of Recede

Receding (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recede

Recede (v. i.) To move back; to retreat; to withdraw.

Recede (v. i.) To withdraw a claim or pretension; to desist; to relinquish what had been proposed or asserted; as, to recede from a demand or proposition.

Recede (v. i.) To cede back; to grant or yield again to a former possessor; as, to recede conquered territory.

Receipt (n.) The act of receiving; reception.

Receipt (n.) Reception, as an act of hospitality.

Receipt (n.) Capability of receiving; capacity.

Receipt (n.) Place of receiving.

Receipt (n.) Hence, a recess; a retired place.

Receipt (n.) A formulary according to the directions of which things are to be taken or combined; a recipe; as, a receipt for making sponge cake.

Receipt (n.) A writing acknowledging the taking or receiving of goods delivered; an acknowledgment of money paid.

Receipt (n.) That which is received; that which comes in, in distinction from what is expended, paid out, sent away, and the like; -- usually in the plural; as, the receipts amounted to a thousand dollars.

Receipted (imp. & p. p.) of Receipt

Receipting (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Receipt

Receipt (v. t.) To give a receipt for; as, to receipt goods delivered by a sheriff.

Receipt (v. t.) To put a receipt on, as by writing or stamping; as, to receipt a bill.

Receipt (v. i.) To give a receipt, as for money paid.

Receiptment (n.) The receiving or harboring a felon knowingly, after the commission of a felony.

Receiptor (n.) One who receipts; specifically (Law), one who receipts for property which has been taken by the sheriff.

Receit (n.) Receipt.

Receivability (n.) The quality of being receivable; receivableness.

Receivable (a.) Capable of being received.

Received (imp. & p. p.) of Receive

Receiving (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Receive

Receive (v. t.) To take, as something that is offered, given, committed, sent, paid, or the like; to accept; as, to receive money offered in payment of a debt; to receive a gift, a message, or a letter.

Receive (v. t.) Hence: To gain the knowledge of; to take into the mind by assent to; to give admission to; to accept, as an opinion, notion, etc.; to embrace.

Receive (v. t.) To allow, as a custom, tradition, or the like; to give credence or acceptance to.

Receive (v. t.) To give admittance to; to permit to enter, as into one's house, presence, company, and the like; as, to receive a lodger, visitor, ambassador, messenger, etc.

Receive (v. t.) To admit; to take in; to hold; to contain; to have capacity for; to be able to take in.

Receive (v. t.) To be affected by something; to suffer; to be subjected to; as, to receive pleasure or pain; to receive a wound or a blow; to receive damage.

Receive (v. t.) To take from a thief, as goods known to be stolen.

Receive (v. t.) To bat back (the ball) when served.

Receive (v. i.) To receive visitors; to be at home to receive calls; as, she receives on Tuesdays.

Receive (v. i.) To return, or bat back, the ball when served; as, it is your turn to receive.

Receivedness (n.) The state or quality of being received, accepted, or current; as, the receivedness of an opinion.

Receiver (n.) One who takes or receives in any manner.

Receiver (n.) A person appointed, ordinarily by a court, to receive, and hold in trust, money or other property which is the subject of litigation, pending the suit; a person appointed to take charge of the estate and effects of a corporation, and to do other acts necessary to winding up its affairs, in certain cases.

Receiver (n.) One who takes or buys stolen goods from a thief, knowing them to be stolen.

Receiver (n.) A vessel connected with an alembic, a retort, or the like, for receiving and condensing the product of distillation.

Receiver (n.) A vessel for receiving and containing gases.

Receiver (n.) The glass vessel in which the vacuum is produced, and the objects of experiment are put, in experiments with an air pump. Cf. Bell jar, and see Illust. of Air pump.

Receiver (n.) A vessel for receiving the exhaust steam from the high-pressure cylinder before it enters the low-pressure cylinder, in a compound engine.

Receiver (n.) A capacious vessel for receiving steam from a distant boiler, and supplying it dry to an engine.

Receiver (n.) That portion of a telephonic apparatus, or similar system, at which the message is received and made audible; -- opposed to transmitter.

Receivership (n.) The state or office of a receiver.

Recelebrate (v. t.) To celebrate again, or anew.

Recency (n.) The state or quality of being recent; newness; new state; late origin; lateness in time; freshness; as, the recency of a transaction, of a wound, etc.

Recense (v. t.) To review; to revise.

Recension (n.) The act of reviewing or revising; review; examination; enumeration.

Recension (n.) Specifically, the review of a text (as of an ancient author) by an editor; critical revisal and establishment.

Recension (n.) The result of such a work; a text established by critical revision; an edited version.

Recensionist (n.) One who makes recensions; specifically, a critical editor.

Recent (a.) Of late origin, existence, or occurrence; lately come; not of remote date, antiquated style, or the like; not already known, familiar, worn out, trite, etc.; fresh; novel; new; modern; as, recent news.

Recent (a.) Of or pertaining to the present or existing epoch; as, recent shells.

Recenter (v. t.) To center again; to restore to the center.

Recently (adv.) Newly; lately; freshly; not long since; as, advices recently received.

Recentness (n.) Quality or state of being recent.

Receptacle (n.) That which serves, or is used, for receiving and containing something, as a basket, a vase, a bag, a reservoir; a repository.

Receptacle (n.) The apex of the flower stalk, from which the organs of the flower grow, or into which they are inserted. See Illust. of Flower, and Ovary.

Receptacle (n.) The dilated apex of a pedicel which serves as a common support to a head of flowers.

Receptacle (n.) An intercellular cavity containing oil or resin or other matters.

Receptacle (n.) A special branch which bears the fructification in many cryptogamous plants.

Receptacular (a.) Pertaining to the receptacle, or growing on it; as, the receptacular chaff or scales in the sunflower.

Receptacula (pl. ) of Receptaculum

Receptaculum (n.) A receptacle; as, the receptaculum of the chyle.

Receptary (a.) Generally or popularly admitted or received.

Receptary (n.) That which is received.

Receptibility (n.) The quality or state of being receptible; receivableness.

Receptibility (n.) A receptible thing.

Receptible (a.) Such as may be received; receivable.

Reception (n.) The act of receiving; receipt; admission; as, the reception of food into the stomach; the reception of a letter; the reception of sensation or ideas; reception of evidence.

Reception (n.) The state of being received.

Reception (n.) The act or manner of receiving, esp. of receiving visitors; entertainment; hence, an occasion or ceremony of receiving guests; as, a hearty reception; an elaborate reception.

Reception (n.) Acceptance, as of an opinion or doctrine.

Reception (n.) A retaking; a recovery.

Receptive (a.) Having the quality of receiving; able or inclined to take in, absorb, hold, or contain; receiving or containing; as, a receptive mind.

Receptiveness (n.) The quality of being receptive.

Receptivity (n.) The state or quality of being receptive.

Receptivity (n.) The power or capacity of receiving impressions, as those of the external senses.

Receptory (n.) Receptacle.

Recess (n.) A withdrawing or retiring; a moving back; retreat; as, the recess of the tides.

Recess (n.) The state of being withdrawn; seclusion; privacy.

Recess (n.) Remission or suspension of business or procedure; intermission, as of a legislative body, court, or school.

Recess (n.) Part of a room formed by the receding of the wall, as an alcove, niche, etc.

Recess (n.) A place of retirement, retreat, secrecy, or seclusion.

Recess (n.) Secret or abstruse part; as, the difficulties and recesses of science.

Recess (n.) A sinus.

Recessed (imp. & p. p.) of Recess

Recessing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recess

Recess (v. t.) To make a recess in; as, to recess a wall.

Recess (n.) A decree of the imperial diet of the old German empire.

Recessed (a.) Having a recess or recesses; as, a recessed arch or wall.

Recessed (a.) Withdrawn; secluded.

Recession (n.) The act of receding or withdrawing, as from a place, a claim, or a demand.

Recession (n.) The act of ceding back; restoration; repeated cession; as, the recession of conquered territory to its former sovereign.

Recessional (a.) Of or pertaining to recession or withdrawal.

Recessive (a.) Going back; receding.

Rechabite (n.) One of the descendants of Jonadab, the son of Rechab, all of whom by his injunction abstained from the use of intoxicating drinks and even from planting the vine. Jer. xxxv. 2-19. Also, in modern times, a member of a certain society of abstainers from alcoholic liquors.

Rechange (v. t. & i.) To change again, or change back.

Recharge (v. t. & i.) To charge or accuse in return.

Recharge (v. t. & i.) To attack again; to attack anew.

Recharter (n.) A second charter; a renewal of a charter.

Recharter (v. t.) To charter again or anew; to grant a second or another charter to.

Rechase (v. t.) To chase again; to chase or drive back.

Recheat (n.) A strain given on the horn to call back the hounds when they have lost track of the game.

Recheat (v. i.) To blow the recheat.

Recherche (a.) Sought out with care; choice. Hence: of rare quality, elegance, or attractiveness; peculiar and refined in kind.

Rechless (a.) Reckless.

Rechoose (v. t.) To choose again.

Recidivate (v. i.) To backslide; to fall again.

Recidivation (n.) A falling back; a backsliding.

Recidivous (a.) Tending or liable to backslide or relapse to a former condition or habit.

Recipes (pl. ) of Recipe

Recipe (n.) A formulary or prescription for making some combination, mixture, or preparation of materials; a receipt; especially, a prescription for medicine.

Recipiangle (n.) An instrument with two arms that are pivoted together at one end, and a graduated arc, -- used by military engineers for measuring and laying off angles of fortifications.

Recipience (n.) Alt. of Recipiency

Recipiency (n.) The quality or state of being recipient; a receiving; reception; receptiveness.

Recipient (n.) A receiver; the person or thing that receives; one to whom, or that to which, anything is given or communicated; specifically, the receiver of a still.

Recipient (a.) Receiving; receptive.

Reciprocal (a.) Recurring in vicissitude; alternate.

Reciprocal (a.) Done by each to the other; interchanging or interchanged; given and received; due from each to each; mutual; as, reciprocal love; reciprocal duties.

Reciprocal (a.) Mutually interchangeable.

Reciprocal (a.) Reflexive; -- applied to pronouns and verbs, but sometimes limited to such pronouns as express mutual action.

Reciprocal (a.) Used to denote different kinds of mutual relation; often with reference to the substitution of reciprocals for given quantities. See the Phrases below.

Reciprocal (n.) That which is reciprocal to another thing.

Reciprocal (n.) The quotient arising from dividing unity by any quantity; thus, / is the reciprocal of 4; 1/(a +b) is the reciprocal of a + b. The reciprocal of a fraction is the fraction inverted, or the denominator divided by the numerator.

Reciprocality (n.) The quality or condition of being reciprocal; reciprocalness.

Reciprocally (adv.) In a reciprocal manner; so that each affects the other, and is equally affected by it; interchangeably; mutually.

Reciprocally (adv.) In the manner of reciprocals.

Reciprocalness (n.) The quality or condition of being reciprocal; mutual return; alternateness.

Reciprocated (imp. & p. p.) of Reciprocate

Reciprocating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reciprocate

Reciprocate (v. i.) To move forward and backward alternately; to recur in vicissitude; to act interchangeably; to alternate.

Reciprocate (v. t.) To give and return mutually; to make return for; to give in return; to interchange; to alternate; as, to reciprocate favors.

Reciprocation (n.) The act of reciprocating; interchange of acts; a mutual giving and returning; as, the reciprocation of kindnesses.

Reciprocation (n.) Alternate recurrence or action; as, the reciprocation of the sea in the flow and ebb of tides.

Reciprocity (n.) Mutual action and reaction.

Reciprocity (n.) Reciprocal advantages, obligations, or rights; reciprocation.

Reciprocornous (a.) Having horns turning backward and then forward, like those of a ram.

Reciprocous (a.) Reciprocal.

Reciprok (a.) Reciprocal.

Reciproque (a. & n.) Reciprocal.

Recision (n.) The act of cutting off.

Recital (n.) The act of reciting; the repetition of the words of another, or of a document; rehearsal; as, the recital of testimony.

Recital (n.) A telling in detail and due order of the particulars of anything, as of a law, an adventure, or a series of events; narration.

Recital (n.) That which is recited; a story; a narration.

Recital (n.) A vocal or instrumental performance by one person; -- distinguished from concert; as, a song recital; an organ, piano, or violin recital.

Recital (n.) The formal statement, or setting forth, of some matter of fact in any deed or writing in order to explain the reasons on which the transaction is founded; the statement of matter in pleading introductory to some positive allegation.

Recitation (n.) The act of reciting; rehearsal; repetition of words or sentences.

Recitation (n.) The delivery before an audience of something committed to memory, especially as an elocutionary exhibition; also, that which is so delivered.

Recitation (n.) The rehearsal of a lesson by pupils before their instructor.

Recitative (n.) A species of musical recitation in which the words are delivered in a manner resembling that of ordinary declamation; also, a piece of music intended for such recitation; -- opposed to melisma.

Recitative (a.) Of or pertaining to recitation; intended for musical recitation or declamation; in the style or manner of recitative.

Recitativo (n.) Recitative.

Recited (imp. & p. p.) of Recite

Reciting (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recite

Recite (v. t.) To repeat, as something already prepared, written down, committed to memory, or the like; to deliver from a written or printed document, or from recollection; to rehearse; as, to recite the words of an author, or of a deed or covenant.

Recite (v. t.) To tell over; to go over in particulars; to relate; to narrate; as, to recite past events; to recite the particulars of a voyage.

Recite (v. t.) To rehearse, as a lesson to an instructor.

Recite (v. t.) To state in or as a recital. See Recital, 5.

Recite (v. i.) To repeat, pronounce, or rehearse, as before an audience, something prepared or committed to memory; to rehearse a lesson learned.

Recite (n.) A recital.

Reciter (n.) One who recites; also, a book of extracts for recitation.

Recked (imp. & p. p.) of Reck

Roughte () of Reck

Recking (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reck

Reck (v. t.) To make account of; to care for; to heed; to regard.

Reck (v. t.) To concern; -- used impersonally.

Reck (v. i.) To make account; to take heed; to care; to mind; -- often followed by of.

Reckless (a.) Inattentive to duty; careless; neglectful; indifferent.

Reckless (a.) Rashly negligent; utterly careless or heedless.

Reckling (a.) Needing care; weak; feeble; as, a reckling child.

Reckling (n.) A weak child or animal.

Reckoned (imp. & p. p.) of Reckon

Reckoning (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reckon

Reckon (v. t.) To count; to enumerate; to number; also, to compute; to calculate.

Reckon (v. t.) To count as in a number, rank, or series; to estimate by rank or quality; to place by estimation; to account; to esteem; to repute.

Reckon (v. t.) To charge, attribute, or adjudge to one, as having a certain quality or value.

Reckon (v. t.) To conclude, as by an enumeration and balancing of chances; hence, to think; to suppose; -- followed by an objective clause; as, I reckon he won't try that again.

Reckon (v. i.) To make an enumeration or computation; to engage in numbering or computing.

Reckon (v. i.) To come to an accounting; to make up accounts; to settle; to examine and strike the balance of debt and credit; to adjust relations of desert or penalty.

Reckoner (n.) One who reckons or computes; also, a book of calculations, tables, etc., to assist in reckoning.

Reckoning (n.) The act of one who reckons, counts, or computes; the result of reckoning or counting; calculation.

Reckoning (n.) An account of time

Reckoning (n.) Adjustment of claims and accounts; settlement of obligations, liabilities, etc.

Reckoning (n.) The charge or account made by a host at an inn.

Reckoning (n.) Esteem; account; estimation.

Reckoning (n.) The calculation of a ship's position, either from astronomical observations, or from the record of the courses steered and distances sailed as shown by compass and log, -- in the latter case called dead reckoning (see under Dead); -- also used for dead reckoning in contradistinction to observation.

Reckoning (n.) The position of a ship as determined by calculation.

Reclaim (v. t.) To claim back; to demand the return of as a right; to attempt to recover possession of.

Reclaimed (imp. & p. p.) of Reclaim

Reclaiming (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reclaim

Reclaim (v. t.) To call back, as a hawk to the wrist in falconry, by a certain customary call.

Reclaim (v. t.) To call back from flight or disorderly action; to call to, for the purpose of subduing or quieting.

Reclaim (v. t.) To reduce from a wild to a tamed state; to bring under discipline; -- said especially of birds trained for the chase, but also of other animals.

Reclaim (v. t.) Hence: To reduce to a desired state by discipline, labor, cultivation, or the like; to rescue from being wild, desert, waste, submerged, or the like; as, to reclaim wild land, overflowed land, etc.

Reclaim (v. t.) To call back to rectitude from moral wandering or transgression; to draw back to correct deportment or course of life; to reform.

Reclaim (v. t.) To correct; to reform; -- said of things.

Reclaim (v. t.) To exclaim against; to gainsay.

Reclaim (v. i.) To cry out in opposition or contradiction; to exclaim against anything; to contradict; to take exceptions.

Reclaim (v. i.) To bring anyone back from evil courses; to reform.

Reclaim (v. i.) To draw back; to give way.

Reclaim (n.) The act of reclaiming, or the state of being reclaimed; reclamation; recovery.

Reclaimable (a.) That may be reclaimed.

Reclaimant (n.) One who reclaims; one who cries out against or contradicts.

Reclaimer (n.) One who reclaims.

Reclaimless (a.) That can not be reclaimed.

Reclamation (n.) The act or process of reclaiming.

Reclamation (n.) Representation made in opposition; remonstrance.

Reclasp (v. i.) To clasp or unite again.

Reclinant (a.) Bending or leaning backward.

Reclinate (a.) Reclined, as a leaf; bent downward, so that the point, as of a stem or leaf, is lower than the base.

Reclination (n.) The act of leaning or reclining, or the state of being reclined.

Reclination (n.) The angle which the plane of the dial makes with a vertical plane which it intersects in a horizontal line.

Reclination (n.) The act or process of removing a cataract, by applying the needle to its anterior surface, and depressing it into the vitreous humor in such a way that the front surface of the cataract becomes the upper one and its back surface the lower one.

Reclined (imp. & p. p.) of Recline

Reclining (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recline

Recline (v. t.) To cause or permit to lean, incline, rest, etc.; to place in a recumbent position; as, to recline the head on the hand.

Recline (v. i.) To lean or incline; as, to recline against a wall.

Recline (v. i.) To assume, or to be in, a recumbent position; as, to recline on a couch.

Recline (v. t.) Having a reclining posture; leaning; reclining.

Reclined (a.) Falling or turned downward; reclinate.

Recliner (n.) One who, or that which, reclines.

Reclining (a.) Bending or curving gradually back from the perpendicular.

Reclining (a.) Recumbent.

Reclose (v. t.) To close again.

Reclothe (v. t.) To clothe again.

Reclude (v. t.) To open; to unclose.

Recluse (a.) Shut up; sequestered; retired from the world or from public notice; solitary; living apart; as, a recluse monk or hermit; a recluse life.

Recluse (a.) A person who lives in seclusion from intercourse with the world, as a hermit or monk; specifically, one of a class of secluded devotees who live in single cells, usually attached to monasteries.

Recluse (a.) The place where a recluse dwells.

Recluse (v. t.) To shut up; to seclude.

Reclusely (adv.) In a recluse or solitary manner.

Recluseness (n.) Quality or state of being recluse.

Reclusion (n.) A state of retirement from the world; seclusion.

Reclusive (a.) Affording retirement from society.

Reclusory (n.) The habitation of a recluse; a hermitage.

Recoct (v. t.) To boil or cook again; hence, to make over; to vamp up; to reconstruct.

Recoction (n.) A second coction or preparation; a vamping up.

Recognition (n.) The act of recognizing, or the state of being recognized; acknowledgment; formal avowal; knowledge confessed or avowed; notice.

Recognitor (n.) One of a jury impaneled on an assize.

Recognitory (a.) Pertaining to, or connected with, recognition.

Recognizability (n.) The quality or condition of being recognizable.

Recognizable (a.) Capable of being recognized.

Recognizance (n.) An obligation of record entered into before some court of record or magistrate duly authorized, with condition to do some particular act, as to appear at the same or some other court, to keep the peace, or pay a debt. A recognizance differs from a bond, being witnessed by the record only, and not by the party's seal.

Recognizance (n.) The verdict of a jury impaneled upon assize.

Recognizance (n.) A token; a symbol; a pledge; a badge.

Recognizance (n.) Acknowledgment of a person or thing; avowal; profession; recognition.

Recognization (n.) Recognition.

Recognized (imp. & p. p.) of Recognize

Recognizing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recognize

Recognize (v. t.) To know again; to perceive the identity of, with a person or thing previously known; to recover or recall knowledge of.

Recognize (v. t.) To avow knowledge of; to allow that one knows; to consent to admit, hold, or the like; to admit with a formal acknowledgment; as, to recognize an obligation; to recognize a consul.

Recognize (v. t.) To acknowledge acquaintance with, as by salutation, bowing, or the like.

Recognize (v. t.) To show appreciation of; as, to recognize services by a testimonial.

Recognize (v. t.) To review; to reexamine.

Recognize (v. t.) To reconnoiter.

Recognize (v. i.) To enter an obligation of record before a proper tribunal; as, A B recognized in the sum of twenty dollars.

Recognizee (n.) The person in whose favor a recognizance is made.

Recognizer (n.) One who recognizes; a recognizor.

Recognizor (n.) One who enters into a recognizance.

Recognosce (v. t.) To recognize.

Recoiled (imp. & p. p.) of Recoil

Recoiling (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recoil

Recoil (v. i.) To start, roll, bound, spring, or fall back; to take a reverse motion; to be driven or forced backward; to return.

Recoil (v. i.) To draw back, as from anything repugnant, distressing, alarming, or the like; to shrink.

Recoil (v. i.) To turn or go back; to withdraw one's self; to retire.

Recoil (v. t.) To draw or go back.

Recoil (n.) A starting or falling back; a rebound; a shrinking; as, the recoil of nature, or of the blood.

Recoil (n.) The state or condition of having recoiled.

Recoil (n.) Specifically, the reaction or rebounding of a firearm when discharged.

Recoiler (n.) One who, or that which, recoils.

Recoilingly (adv.) In the manner of a recoil.

Recoilment (n.) Recoil.

Recoin (v. t.) To coin anew or again.

Recoinage (n.) The act of coining anew.

Recoinage (n.) That which is coined anew.

Re-collect (v. t.) To collect again; to gather what has been scattered; as, to re-collect routed troops.

Recollected (imp. & p. p.) of Recollect

Recollecting (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recollect

Recollect (v. t.) To recover or recall the knowledge of; to bring back to the mind or memory; to remember.

Recollect (v. t.) Reflexively, to compose one's self; to recover self-command; as, to recollect one's self after a burst of anger; -- sometimes, formerly, in the perfect participle.

Recollect (n.) A friar of the Strict Observance, -- an order of Franciscans.

Recollection (n.) The act of recollecting, or recalling to the memory; the operation by which objects are recalled to the memory, or ideas revived in the mind; reminiscence; remembrance.

Recollection (n.) The power of recalling ideas to the mind, or the period within which things can be recollected; remembrance; memory; as, an event within my recollection.

Recollection (n.) That which is recollected; something called to mind; reminiscence.

Recollection (n.) The act or practice of collecting or concentrating the mind; concentration; self-control.

Recollective (a.) Having the power of recollecting.

Recollet (n.) Same as Recollect, n.

Recolonization (n.) A second or renewed colonization.

Recolonize (v. t.) To colonize again.

Recombination (n.) Combination a second or additional time.

Recombine (v. t.) To combine again.

Recomfort (v. t.) To comfort again; to console anew; to give new strength to.

Recomfortless (a.) Without comfort.

Recomforture (n.) The act of recomforting; restoration of comfort.

Recommence (v. i.) To commence or begin again.

Recommence (v. i.) To begin anew to be; to act again as.

Recommence (v. t.) To commence again or anew.

Recommencement (n.) A commencement made anew.

Recommended (imp. & p. p.) of Recommend

Recommending (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recommend

Recommend (v. t.) To commend to the favorable notice of another; to commit to another's care, confidence, or acceptance, with favoring representations; to put in a favorable light before any one; to bestow commendation on; as, he recommended resting the mind and exercising the body.

Recommend (v. t.) To make acceptable; to attract favor to.

Recommend (v. t.) To commit; to give in charge; to commend.

Recommendable (a.) Suitable to be recommended; worthy of praise; commendable.

Recommendation (n.) The act of recommending.

Recommendation (n.) That which recommends, or commends to favor; anything procuring, or tending to procure, a favorable reception, or to secure acceptance and adoption; as, he brought excellent recommendations.

Recommendation (n.) The state of being recommended; esteem.

Recommendative (n.) That which recommends; a recommendation.

Recommendatory (a.) Serving to recommend; recommending; commendatory.

Recommender (n.) One who recommends.

Recommission (v. t.) To commission again; to give a new commission to.

Recommit (v. t.) To commit again; to give back into keeping; specifically, to refer again to a committee; as, to recommit a bill to the same committee.

Recommitment (n.) Alt. of Recommittal

Recommittal (n.) A second or renewed commitment; a renewed reference to a committee.

Recompact (v. t.) To compact or join anew.

Recompensation (n.) Recompense.

Recompensation (n.) Used to denote a case where a set-off pleaded by the defendant is met by a set-off pleaded by the plaintiff.

Recompensed (imp. & p. p.) of Recompense

Recompensing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recompense

Recompense (v. t.) To render an equivalent to, for service, loss, etc.; to requite; to remunerate; to compensate.

Recompense (v. t.) To return an equivalent for; to give compensation for; to atone for; to pay for.

Recompense (v. t.) To give in return; to pay back; to pay, as something earned or deserved.

Recompense (v. i.) To give recompense; to make amends or requital.

Recompense (n.) An equivalent returned for anything done, suffered, or given; compensation; requital; suitable return.

Recompensement (n.) Recompense; requital.

Recompenser (n.) One who recompenses.

Recompensive (a.) Of the nature of recompense; serving to recompense.

Recompilation (n.) A new compilation.

Recompile (v. t.) To compile anew.

Recompilement (n.) The act of recompiling; new compilation or digest; as, a recompilement of the laws.

Recomposed (imp. & p. p.) of Recompose

Recomposing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recompose

Recompose (v. t.) To compose again; to form anew; to put together again or repeatedly.

Recompose (v. t.) To restore to composure; to quiet anew; to tranquilize; as, to recompose the mind.

Recomposer (n.) One who recomposes.

Recomposition (n.) The act of recomposing.

Reconcilable (a.) Capable of being reconciled; as, reconcilable adversaries; an act reconciable with previous acts.

Reconciled (imp. & p. p.) of Reconcile

Reconciling (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reconcile

Reconcile (v. t.) To cause to be friendly again; to conciliate anew; to restore to friendship; to bring back to harmony; to cause to be no longer at variance; as, to reconcile persons who have quarreled.

Reconcile (v. t.) To bring to acquiescence, content, or quiet submission; as, to reconcile one's self to affictions.

Reconcile (v. t.) To make consistent or congruous; to bring to agreement or suitableness; -- followed by with or to.

Reconcile (v. t.) To adjust; to settle; as, to reconcile differences.

Reconcile (v. i.) To become reconciled.

Reconcilement (n.) Reconciliation.

Reconciler (n.) One who reconciles.

Reconciliation (n.) The act of reconciling, or the state of being reconciled; reconcilenment; restoration to harmony; renewal of friendship.

Reconciliation (n.) Reduction to congruence or consistency; removal of inconsistency; harmony.

Reconciliatory (a.) Serving or tending to reconcile.

Recondensation (n.) The act or process of recondensing.

Recondense (v. t.) To condense again.

Recondite (a.) Hidden from the mental or intellectual view; secret; abstruse; as, recondite causes of things.

Recondite (a.) Dealing in things abstruse; profound; searching; as, recondite studies.

Reconditory (n.) A repository; a storehouse.

Reconduct (v. t.) To conduct back or again.

Reconfirm (v. t.) To confirm anew.

Reconfort (v. t.) To recomfort; to comfort.

Reconjoin (v. t.) To join or conjoin anew.

Reconnoissance (n.) Alt. of Reconnaissance

Reconnaissance (n.) The act of reconnoitering; preliminary examination or survey.

Reconnaissance (n.) An examination or survey of a region in reference to its general geological character.

Reconnaissance (n.) An examination of a region as to its general natural features, preparatory to a more particular survey for the purposes of triangulation, or of determining the location of a public work.

Reconnaissance (n.) An examination of a territory, or of an enemy's position, for the purpose of obtaining information necessary for directing military operations; a preparatory expedition.

Reconnoiter (v. t.) Alt. of Reconnoitre

Reconnoitre (v. t.) To examine with the eye to make a preliminary examination or survey of; esp., to survey with a view to military or engineering operations.

Reconnoitre (v. t.) To recognize.

Reconquer (v. t.) To conquer again; to recover by conquest; as, to reconquer a revolted province.

Reconquest (n.) A second conquest.

Reconsecrate (v. t.) To consecrate anew or again.

Reconsecration (n.) Renewed consecration.

Reconsider (v. t.) To consider again; as, to reconsider a subject.

Reconsider (v. t.) To take up for renewed consideration, as a motion or a vote which has been previously acted upon.

Reconsideration (n.) The act of reconsidering, or the state of being reconsidered; as, the reconsideration of a vote in a legislative body.

Reconsolate (v. t.) To console or comfort again.

Reconsolidate (v. t.) To consolidate anew or again.

Reconsolidation (n.) The act or process of reconsolidating; the state of being reconsolidated.

Reconstruct (v. t.) To construct again; to rebuild; to remodel; to form again or anew.

Reconstruction (n.) The act of constructing again; the state of being reconstructed.

Reconstruction (n.) The act or process of reorganizing the governments of the States which had passed ordinances of secession, and of reestablishing their constitutional relations to the national government, after the close of the Civil War.

Reconstructive (a.) Reconstructing; tending to reconstruct; as, a reconstructive policy.

Recontinuance (n.) The act or state of recontinuing.

Recontinue (v. t. & i.) To continue anew.

Reconvene (v. t. & i.) To convene or assemble again; to call or come together again.

Reconvention (n.) A cross demand; an action brought by the defendant against the plaintiff before the same judge.

Reconversion (n.) A second conversion.

Reconvert (v. t.) To convert again.

Reconvert (n.) A person who has been reconverted.

Reconvertible (a.) Capable of being reconverted; convertible again to the original form or condition.

Reconvey (v. t.) To convey back or to the former place; as, to reconvey goods.

Reconvey (v. t.) To transfer back to a former owner; as, to reconvey an estate.

Reconveyance (n.) Act of reconveying.

Recopy (v. t.) To copy again.

Recorded (imp. & p. p.) of Record

Recording (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Record

Record (v. t.) To recall to mind; to recollect; to remember; to meditate.

Record (v. t.) To repeat; to recite; to sing or play.

Record (v. t.) To preserve the memory of, by committing to writing, to printing, to inscription, or the like; to make note of; to write or enter in a book or on parchment, for the purpose of preserving authentic evidence of; to register; to enroll; as, to record the proceedings of a court; to record historical events.

Record (v. i.) To reflect; to ponder.

Record (v. i.) To sing or repeat a tune.

Record (v. t.) A writing by which some act or event, or a number of acts or events, is recorded; a register; as, a record of the acts of the Hebrew kings; a record of the variations of temperature during a certain time; a family record.

Record (v. t.) An official contemporaneous writing by which the acts of some public body, or public officer, are recorded; as, a record of city ordinances; the records of the receiver of taxes.

Record (v. t.) An authentic official copy of a document which has been entered in a book, or deposited in the keeping of some officer designated by law.

Record (v. t.) An official contemporaneous memorandum stating the proceedings of a court of justice; a judicial record.

Record (v. t.) The various legal papers used in a case, together with memoranda of the proceedings of the court; as, it is not permissible to allege facts not in the record.

Record (v. t.) Testimony; witness; attestation.

Record (v. t.) That which serves to perpetuate a knowledge of acts or events; a monument; a memorial.

Record (v. t.) That which has been, or might be, recorded; the known facts in the course, progress, or duration of anything, as in the life of a public man; as, a politician with a good or a bad record.

Record (v. t.) That which has been publicly achieved in any kind of competitive sport as recorded in some authoritative manner, as the time made by a winning horse in a race.

Recordance (n.) Remembrance.

Recordation (v. t.) Remembrance; recollection; also, a record.

Recorder (n.) One who records; specifically, a person whose official duty it is to make a record of writings or transactions.

Recorder (n.) The title of the chief judical officer of some cities and boroughs; also, of the chief justice of an East Indian settlement. The Recorder of London is judge of the Lord Mayor's Court, and one of the commissioners of the Central Criminal Court.

Recorder (n.) A kind of wind instrument resembling the flageolet.

Recordership (n.) The office of a recorder.

Recording (a.) Keeping a record or a register; as, a recording secretary; -- applied to numerous instruments with an automatic appliance which makes a record of their action; as, a recording gauge or telegraph.

Recorporification (n.) The act of investing again with a body; the state of being furnished anew with a body.

Recouch (v. i.) To retire again to a couch; to lie down again.

Recount (v. t.) To count or reckon again.

Recount (n.) A counting again, as of votes.

Recount (v.) To tell over; to relate in detail; to recite; to tell or narrate the particulars of; to rehearse; to enumerate; as, to recount one's blessings.

Recountment (n.) Recital.

Recoup (v. t.) Alt. of Recoupe

Recoupe (v. t.) To keep back rightfully (a part), as if by cutting off, so as to diminish a sum due; to take off (a part) from damages; to deduct; as, where a landlord recouped the rent of premises from damages awarded to the plaintiff for eviction.

Recoupe (v. t.) To get an equivalent or compensation for; as, to recoup money lost at the gaming table; to recoup one's losses in the share market.

Recoupe (v. t.) To reimburse; to indemnify; -- often used reflexively and in the passive.

Recouper (n.) One who recoups.

Recoupment (n.) The act of recouping.

Recourse (n.) A coursing back, or coursing again, along the line of a previous coursing; renewed course; return; retreat; recurence.

Recourse (n.) Recurrence in difficulty, perplexity, need, or the like; access or application for aid; resort.

Recourse (n.) Access; admittance.

Recourse (v. i.) To return; to recur.

Recourse (v. i.) To have recourse; to resort.

Recourseful (a.) Having recurring flow and ebb; moving alternately.

Recover (v. t.) To cover again.

Recovered (imp. & p. p.) of Recover

Recovering (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recover

Recover (v. t.) To get or obtain again; to get renewed possession of; to win back; to regain.

Recover (v. t.) To make good by reparation; to make up for; to retrieve; to repair the loss or injury of; as, to recover lost time.

Recover (v. t.) To restore from sickness, faintness, or the like; to bring back to life or health; to cure; to heal.

Recover (v. t.) To overcome; to get the better of, -- as a state of mind or body.

Recover (v. t.) To rescue; to deliver.

Recover (v. t.) To gain by motion or effort; to obtain; to reach; to come to.

Recover (v. t.) To gain as a compensation; to obtain in return for injury or debt; as, to recover damages in trespass; to recover debt and costs in a suit at law; to obtain title to by judgement in a court of law; as, to recover lands in ejectment or common recovery; to gain by legal process; as, to recover judgement against a defendant.

Recover (v. i.) To regain health after sickness; to grow well; to be restored or cured; hence, to regain a former state or condition after misfortune, alarm, etc.; -- often followed by of or from; as, to recover from a state of poverty; to recover from fright.

Recover (v. i.) To make one's way; to come; to arrive.

Recover (v. i.) To obtain a judgement; to succeed in a lawsuit; as, the plaintiff has recovered in his suit.

Recover (n.) Recovery.

Recoverable (a.) Capable of being recovered or regained; capable of being brought back to a former condition, as from sickness, misfortune, etc.; obtainable from a debtor or possessor; as, the debt is recoverable; goods lost or sunk in the ocean are not recoverable.

Re coverance (n.) Recovery.

Recoveree (n.) The person against whom a judgment is obtained in common recovery.

Recoverer (n.) One who recovers.

Recoveror (n.) The demandant in a common recovery after judgment.

Recovery (n.) The act of recovering, regaining, or retaking possession.

Recovery (n.) Restoration from sickness, weakness, faintness, or the like; restoration from a condition of mistortune, of fright, etc.

Recovery (n.) The obtaining in a suit at law of a right to something by a verdict and judgment of court.

Recovery (n.) The getting, or gaining, of something not previously had.

Recovery (n.) In rowing, the act of regaining the proper position for making a new stroke.

Recreance (n.) Recreancy.

Recreancy (n.) The quality or state of being recreant.

Recreant (a.) Crying for mercy, as a combatant in the trial by battle; yielding; cowardly; mean-spirited; craven.

Recreant (a.) Apostate; false; unfaithful.

Recreant (n.) One who yields in combat, and begs for mercy; a mean-spirited, cowardly wretch.

Re-create (v. t.) To create or form anew.

Recreated (imp. & p. p.) of Recreate

Recreating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recreate

Recreate (v. t.) To give fresh life to; to reanimate; to revive; especially, to refresh after wearying toil or anxiety; to relieve; to cheer; to divert; to amuse; to gratify.

Recreate (v. i.) To take recreation.

Recreation (n.) The act of recreating, or the state of being recreated; refreshment of the strength and spirits after toil; amusement; diversion; sport; pastime.

Re-creation (n.) A forming anew; a new creation or formation.

Re-creative (a.) Creating anew; as, re-creative power.

Recreative (a.) Tending to recreate or refresh; recreating; giving new vigor or animation; reinvigorating; giving relief after labor or pain; amusing; diverting.

Recrement (n.) Superfluous matter separated from that which is useful; dross; scoria; as, the recrement of ore.

Recrement (n.) Excrement.

Recrement (n.) A substance secreted from the blood and again absorbed by it.

Recremental (a.) Recrementitious.

Recrementitial (a.) Of the nature of a recrement. See Recrement, 2 (b).

Recrementitious (a.) Of or pertaining to recrement; consisting of recrement or dross.

Recriminate (v. i.) To return one charge or accusation with another; to charge back fault or crime upon an accuser.

Recriminate (v. t.) To accuse in return.

Recrimination (n.) The act of recriminating; an accusation brought by the accused against the accuser; a counter accusation.

Recriminative (a.) Recriminatory.

Recriminator (n.) One who recriminates.

Recriminatory (a.) Having the quality of recrimination; retorting accusation; recriminating.

Recross (v. t.) To cross a second time.

Recrudency (n.) Recrudescence.

Recrudescence (n.) Alt. of Recrudescency

Recrudescency (n.) The state or condition of being recrudescent.

Recrudescency (n.) Increased severity of a disease after temporary remission.

Recrudescent (a.) Growing raw, sore, or painful again.

Recrudescent (a.) Breaking out again after temporary abatement or supression; as, a recrudescent epidemic.

Recruited (imp. & p. p.) of Recruit

Recruiting (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recruit

Recruit (v. t.) To repair by fresh supplies, as anything wasted; to remedy lack or deficiency in; as, food recruits the flesh; fresh air and exercise recruit the spirits.

Recruit (v. t.) Hence, to restore the wasted vigor of; to renew in strength or health; to reinvigorate.

Recruit (v. t.) To supply with new men, as an army; to fill up or make up by enlistment; as, he recruited two regiments; the army was recruited for a campaign; also, to muster; to enlist; as, he recruited fifty men.

Recruit (v. i.) To gain new supplies of anything wasted; to gain health, flesh, spirits, or the like; to recuperate; as, lean cattle recruit in fresh pastures.

Recruit (v. i.) To gain new supplies of men for military or other service; to raise or enlist new soldiers; to enlist troops.

Recruit (n.) A supply of anything wasted or exhausted; a reenforcement.

Recruit (n.) Specifically, a man enlisted for service in the army; a newly enlisted soldier.

Recruiter (n.) One who, or that which, recruits.

Recruitment (n.) The act or process of recruiting; especially, the enlistment of men for an army.

Recrystallization (n.) The process or recrystallizing.

Recrystallize (v. i. & t.) To crystallize again.

Rectal (a.) Of or pertaining to the rectum; in the region of the rectum.

Rectangle (n.) A four-sided figure having only right angles; a right-angled parallelogram.

Rectangle (a.) Rectangular.

Rectangled (a.) Rectangular.

Rectangular (a.) Right-angled; having one or more angles of ninety degrees.

Rectangularity (n.) The quality or condition of being rectangular, or right-angled.

Recti- () A combining form signifying straight; as, rectilineal, having straight lines; rectinerved.

Rectifiable (a.) Capable of being rectified; as, a rectifiable mistake.

Rectifiable (a.) Admitting, as a curve, of the construction of a straight l//e equal in length to any definite portion of the curve.

Rectification (n.) The act or operation of rectifying; as, the rectification of an error; the rectification of spirits.

Rectification (n.) The determination of a straight line whose length is equal a portion of a curve.

Rectificator (n.) That which rectifies or refines; esp., a part of a distilling apparatus in which the more volatile portions are separated from the less volatile by the process of evaporation and condensation; a rectifier.

Rectifier (n.) One who, or that which, rectifies.

Rectifier (n.) Specifically: (a) (Naut.) An instrument used for determining and rectifying the variations of the compass on board ship. (b) (Chem.) A rectificator.

Rectified (imp. & p. p.) of Rectify

Rectifying (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rectify

Rectify (v. t.) To make or set right; to correct from a wrong, erroneous, or false state; to amend; as, to rectify errors, mistakes, or abuses; to rectify the will, the judgment, opinions; to rectify disorders.

Rectify (v. t.) To refine or purify by repeated distillation or sublimation, by which the fine parts of a substance are separated from the grosser; as, to rectify spirit of wine.

Rectify (v. t.) To produce ( as factitious gin or brandy) by redistilling low wines or ardent spirits (whisky, rum, etc.), flavoring substances, etc., being added.

Rectilineal (a.) Alt. of Rectilinear

Rectilinear (a.) Straight; consisting of a straight line or lines; bounded by straight lines; as, a rectineal angle; a rectilinear figure or course.

Rectilinearity (n.) The quality or state of being rectilinear.

Rectilineous (a.) Rectilinear.

Rectinerved (a.) Having the veins or nerves straight; -- said of leaves.

Rection (n.) See Government, n., 7.

Rectirostral (a.) Having a straight beak.

Rectiserial (a.) Arranged in exactly vertical ranks, as the leaves on stems of many kinds; -- opposed to curviserial.

Rectitis (n.) Proctitis.

Rectitude (n.) Straightness.

Rectitude (n.) Rightness of principle or practice; exact conformity to truth, or to the rules prescribed for moral conduct, either by divine or human laws; uprightness of mind; uprightness; integrity; honesty; justice.

Rectitude (n.) Right judgment.

Recto- () A combining form indicating connection with, or relation to, the rectum; as, recto-vesical.

Recto (n.) A writ of right.

Recto (n.) The right-hand page; -- opposed to verso.

Rector (n.) A ruler or governor.

Rector (n.) A clergyman who has the charge and cure of a parish, and has the tithes, etc.; the clergyman of a parish where the tithes are not impropriate. See the Note under Vicar.

Rector (n.) A clergyman in charge of a parish.

Rector (n.) The head master of a public school.

Rector (n.) The chief elective officer of some universities, as in France and Scotland; sometimes, the head of a college; as, the Rector of Exeter College, or of Lincoln College, at Oxford.

Rector (n.) The superior officer or chief of a convent or religious house; and among the Jesuits the superior of a house that is a seminary or college.

Rectoral (a.) Pertaining to a rector or governor.

Rectorate (n.) The office, rank, or station of a rector; rectorship.

Rectoress (n.) A governess; a rectrix.

Rectoress (n.) The wife of a rector.

Rectorial (a.) Pertaining to a rector or a rectory; rectoral.

Rectorship (n.) Government; guidance.

Rectorship (n.) The office or rank of a rector; rectorate.

Rectories (pl. ) of Rectory

Rectory (n.) The province of a rector; a parish church, parsonage, or spiritual living, with all its rights, tithes, and glebes.

Rectory (n.) A rector's mansion; a parsonage house.

Recto-uterine (a.) Of or pertaining to both the rectum and the uterus.

Rectovaginal (a.) Of or pertaining to both the rectum and the vagina.

Recto-vesical (a.) Of or pertaining to both the rectum and the bladder.

Rectress (n.) A rectoress.

Rectrices (pl. ) of Rectrix

Rectrix (n.) A governess; a rectoress.

Rectrix (n.) One of the quill feathers of the tail of a bird.

Rectum (n.) The terminal part of the large intestine; -- so named because supposed by the old anatomists to be straight. See Illust. under Digestive.

Recti (pl. ) of Rectus

Rectus (n.) A straight muscle; as, the recti of the eye.

Recubation (n.) Recumbence.

Recule (v. i.) To recoil.

Recule (n.) Alt. of Reculement

Reculement (n.) Recoil.

Recumb (v. i.) To lean; to recline; to repose.

Recumbence (n.) The act of leaning, resting, or reclining; the state of being recumbent.

Recumbency (n.) Recumbence.

Recumbent (a.) Leaning; reclining; lying; as, the recumbent posture of the Romans at their meals. Hence, figuratively; Resting; inactive; idle.

Recuperable (a.) Recoverable.

Recuperated (imp. &. p. p.) of Recuperate

Recuperating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recuperate

Recuperate (v. i.) To recover health; to regain strength; to convalesce.

Recuperate (v. t.) To recover; to regain; as, to recuperate the health or strength.

Recuperation (n..) Recovery, as of anything lost, especially of the health or strength.

Recuperative (a.) Alt. of Recuperatory

Recuperatory (a.) Of or pertaining to recuperation; tending to recovery.

Recuperator (n.) Same as Regenerator.

Recurred (imp. & p. p.) of Recur

Recurring (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Recur

Recur (v. i.) To come back; to return again or repeatedly; to come again to mind.

Recur (v. i.) To occur at a stated interval, or according to some regular rule; as, the fever will recur to-night.

Recur (v. i.) To resort; to have recourse; to go for help.

Recure (v. t.) To arrive at; to reach; to attain.

Recure (v. t.) To recover; to regain; to repossess.

Recure (v. t.) To restore, as from weariness, sickness; or the like; to repair.

Recure (v. t.) To be a cure for; to remedy.

Recure (n.) Cure; remedy; recovery.

Recureless (a.) Incapable of cure.

Recurrence (n.) Alt. of Recurrency

Recurrency (n.) The act of recurring, or state of being recurrent; return; resort; recourse.

Recurrent (a.) Returning from time to time; recurring; as, recurrent pains.

Recurrent (a.) Running back toward its origin; as, a recurrent nerve or artery.

Recursant (a.) Displayed with the back toward the spectator; -- said especially of an eagle.

Recursion (n.) The act of recurring; return.

Recurvate (a.) Recurved.

Recurvate (v. t.) To bend or curve back; to recurve.

Recurvation (n.) The act of recurving, or the state of being recurved; a bending or flexure backward.

Recurve (v. t.) To curve in an opposite or unusual direction; to bend back or down.

Recurved (a.) Curved in an opposite or uncommon direction; bent back; as, a bird with a recurved bill; flowers with recurved petals.

Recurviroster (n.) A bird whose beak bends upward, as the avocet.

Recurvirostral (a.) Having the beak bent upwards.

Recurvity (n.) Recurvation.

Recurvous (a.) Recurved.

Recusancy (n.) The state of being recusant; nonconformity.

Recusant (a.) Obstinate in refusal; specifically, in English history, refusing to acknowledge the supremacy of the king in the churc, or to conform to the established rites of the church; as, a recusant lord.

Recusant (n.) One who is obstinate in refusal; one standing out stubbornly against general practice or opinion.

Recusant (n.) A person who refuses to acknowledge the supremacy of the king in matters of religion; as, a Roman Catholic recusant, who acknowledges the supremacy of the pope.

Recusant (n.) One who refuses communion with the Church of England; a nonconformist.

Recusation (n.) Refusal.

Recusation (n.) The act of refusing a judge or challenging that he shall not try the cause, on account of his supposed partiality.

Recusative (a.) Refusing; denying; negative.

Recuse (v. t.) To refuse or reject, as a judge; to challenge that the judge shall not try the cause.

Recussion (n.) The act of beating or striking back.

Red () . imp. & p. p. of Read.

Red (v. t.) To put on order; to make tidy; also, to free from entanglement or embarrassement; -- generally with up; as, to red up a house.

Red (superl.) Of the color of blood, or of a tint resembling that color; of the hue of that part of the rainbow, or of the solar spectrum, which is furthest from the violet part.

Red (n.) The color of blood, or of that part of the spectrum farthest from violet, or a tint resembling these.

Red (n.) A red pigment.

Red (n.) An abbreviation for Red Republican. See under Red, a.

Red (a.) The menses.

Redact (v. t.) To reduce to form, as literary matter; to digest and put in shape (matter for publication); to edit.

Redacteur (n.) See Redactor.

Redaction (n.) The act of redacting; work produced by redacting; a digest.

Redactor (n.) One who redacts; one who prepares matter for publication; an editor.

Redan (n.) A work having two parapets whose faces unite so as to form a salient angle toward the enemy.

Redan (n.) A step or vertical offset in a wall on uneven ground, to keep the parts level.

Redargued (imp. & p. p.) of Redargue

Redarguing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Redargue

Redargue (v. t.) To disprove; to refute; toconfute; to reprove; to convict.

Redargution (n.) The act of redarguing; refutation.

Redargutory (a.) Pertaining to, or containing, redargution; refutatory.

Redback (n.) The dunlin.

Redbelly (n.) The char.

Redbird (n.) The cardinal bird.

Redbird (n.) The summer redbird (Piranga rubra).

Redbird (n.) The scarlet tanager. See Tanager.

Redbreast (n.) The European robin.

Redbreast (n.) The American robin. See Robin.

Redbreast (n.) The knot, or red-breasted snipe; -- called also robin breast, and robin snipe. See Knot.

Redbreast (n.) The long-eared pondfish. See Pondfish.

Redbud (n.) A small ornamental leguminous tree of the American species of the genus Cercis. See Judas tree, under Judas.

Redcap (n.) The European goldfinch.

Redcap (n.) A specter having long teeth, popularly supposed to haunt old castles in Scotland.

Redcoat (n.) One who wears a red coat; specifically, a red-coated British soldier.

Redde () obs. imp. of Read, or Rede.

Reddened (imp. & p. p.) of Redden

Reddening (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Redden

Redden (a.) To make red or somewhat red; to give a red color to.

Redden (v. i.) To grow or become red; to blush.

Reddendum (n.) A clause in a deed by which some new thing is reserved out of what had been granted before; the clause by which rent is reserved in a lease.

Reddish (a.) Somewhat red; moderately red.

Reddition (n.) Restoration: restitution: surrender.

Reddition (n.) Explanation; representation.

Redditive (a.) Answering to an interrogative or inquiry; conveying a reply; as, redditive words.

Reddle (n.) Red chalk. See under Chalk.

Reddour (n.) Rigor; violence.

Rede (v. t.) To advise or counsel.

Rede (v. t.) To interpret; to explain.

Rede (n.) Advice; counsel; suggestion.

Rede (n.) A word or phrase; a motto; a proverb; a wise saw.

Redeemed (imp. & p. p.) of Redeem

Redeeming (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Redeem

Redeem (v. t.) To purchase back; to regain possession of by payment of a stipulated price; to repurchase.

Redeem (v. t.) To recall, as an estate, or to regain, as mortgaged property, by paying what may be due by force of the mortgage.

Redeem (v. t.) To regain by performing the obligation or condition stated; to discharge the obligation mentioned in, as a promissory note, bond, or other evidence of debt; as, to redeem bank notes with coin.

Redeem (v. t.) To ransom, liberate, or rescue from captivity or bondage, or from any obligation or liability to suffer or to be forfeited, by paying a price or ransom; to ransom; to rescue; to recover; as, to redeem a captive, a pledge, and the like.

Redeem (v. t.) Hence, to rescue and deliver from the bondage of sin and the penalties of God's violated law.

Redeem (v. t.) To make good by performing fully; to fulfill; as, to redeem one's promises.

Redeem (v. t.) To pay the penalty of; to make amends for; to serve as an equivalent or offset for; to atone for; to compensate; as, to redeem an error.

Redeemability (n.) Redeemableness.

Redeemable (a.) Capable of being redeemed; subject to repurchase; held under conditions permitting redemption; as, a pledge securing the payment of money is redeemable.

Redeemable (a.) Subject to an obligation of redemtion; conditioned upon a promise of redemtion; payable; due; as, bonds, promissory notes, etc. , redeemabble in gold, or in current money, or four months after date.

Redeemableness (n.) The quality or state of being redeemable; redeemability.

Redeemer (n.) One who redeems.

Redeemer (n.) Specifically, the Savior of the world, Jesus Christ.

Redeless (a.) Without rede or counsel.

Redeliberate (v. t. & i.) To deliberate again; to reconsider.

Redeliver (v. t.) To deliver or give back; to return.

Redeliver (v. t.) To deliver or liberate a second time or again.

Redeliver (v. t.) To report; to deliver the answer of.

Redeliverance (n.) A second deliverance.

Redelivery (n.) Act of delivering back.

Redelivery (n.) A second or new delivery or liberation.

Redemand (v. t.) To demand back; to demand again.

Redemand (n.) A demanding back; a second or renewed demand.

Redemise (v. t.) To demise back; to convey or transfer back, as an estate.

Redemise (n.) The transfer of an estate back to the person who demised it; reconveyance; as, the demise and redemise of an estate. See under Demise.

Redemonstrate (v. t.) To demonstrate again, or anew.

Redemptible (a.) Redeemable.

Re-demption (n.) The act of redeeming, or the state of being redeemed; repurchase; ransom; release; rescue; deliverance; as, the redemption of prisoners taken in war; the redemption of a ship and cargo.

Re-demption (n.) The liberation of an estate from a mortgage, or the taking back of property mortgaged, upon performance of the terms or conditions on which it was conveyed; also, the right of redeeming and reentering upon an estate mortgaged. See Equity of redemption, under Equity.

Re-demption (n.) Performance of the obligation stated in a note, bill, bond, or other evidence of debt, by making payment to the holder.

Re-demption (n.) The procuring of God's favor by the sufferings and death of Christ; the ransom or deliverance of sinners from the bondage of sin and the penalties of God's violated law.

Redemptionary (n.) One who is, or may be, redeemed.

Redemptioner (n.) One who redeems himself, as from debt or servitude.

Redemptioner (n.) Formerly, one who, wishing to emigrate from Europe to America, sold his services for a stipulated time to pay the expenses of his passage.

Redemptionist (n.) A monk of an order founded in 1197; -- so called because the order was especially devoted to the redemption of Christians held in captivity by the Mohammedans. Called also Trinitarian.

Redemptive (a.) Serving or tending to redeem; redeeming; as, the redemptive work of Christ.

Redemptorist (n.) One of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, founded in Naples in 1732 by St. Alphonsus Maria de Liquori. It was introduced onto the United States in 1832 at Detroit. The Fathers of the Congregation devote themselves to preaching to the neglected, esp. in missions and retreats, and are forbidden by their rule to engage in the instruction of youth.

Redemptory (a.) Paid for ransom; serving to redeem.

Redempture (n.) Redemption.

Redented (a.) Formed like the teeth of a saw; indented.

Redeposit (v. t.) To deposit again.

Redescend (v. i.) To descend again.

Redeye (n.) The rudd.

Redeye (n.) Same as Redfish (d).

Redeye (n.) The goggle-eye, or fresh-water rock bass.

Redfin (n.) A small North American dace (Minnilus cornutus, or Notropis megalops). The male, in the breeding season, has bright red fins. Called also red dace, and shiner. Applied also to Notropis ardens, of the Mississippi valley.

Redfinch (n.) The European linnet.

Redfish (n.) The blueback salmon of the North Pacific; -- called also nerka. See Blueback (b).

Redfish (n.) The rosefish.

Redfish (n.) A large California labroid food fish (Trochocopus pulcher); -- called also fathead.

Redfish (n.) The red bass, red drum, or drumfish. See the Note under Drumfish.

Red-gum (n.) An eruption of red pimples upon the face, neck, and arms, in early infancy; tooth rash; strophulus.

Red-gum (n.) A name of rust on grain. See Rust.

Red-hand (a. / adv.) Alt. of Red-handed

Red-handed (a. / adv.) Having hands red with blood; in the very act, as if with red or bloody hands; -- said of a person taken in the act of homicide; hence, fresh from the commission of crime; as, he was taken red-hand or red-handed.

Redhead (n.) A person having red hair.

Redhead (n.) An American duck (Aythya Americana) highly esteemed as a game bird. It is closely allied to the canvasback, but is smaller and its head brighter red. Called also red-headed duck. American poachard, grayback, and fall duck. See Illust. under Poachard.

Redhead (n.) The red-headed woodpecker. See Woodpecker.

Redhead (n.) A kind of milkweed (Asclepias Curassavica) with red flowers. It is used in medicine.

Redhibition (n.) The annulling of a sale, and the return by the buyer of the article sold, on account of some defect.

Redhibitory (a.) Of or pertaining to redhibition; as, a redhibitory action or fault.

Redhoop (n.) The male of the European bullfinch.

Redhorn (n.) Any species of a tribe of butterflies (Fugacia) including the common yellow species and the cabbage butterflies. The antennae are usually red.

Red-hot (a.) Red with heat; heated to redness; as, red-hot iron; red-hot balls. Hence, figuratively, excited; violent; as, a red-hot radical.

Rediae (pl. ) of Redia

Redias (pl. ) of Redia

Redia (n.) A kind of larva, or nurse, which is prroduced within the sporocyst of certain trematodes by asexual generation. It in turn produces, in the same way, either another generation of rediae, or else cercariae within its own body. Called also proscolex, and nurse. See Illustration in Appendix.

Redient (a.) Returning.

Redigest (v. t.) To digest, or reduce to form, a second time.

Rediminish (v. t.) To diminish again.

Redingote (n.) A long plain double-breasted outside coat for women.

Redintegrate (a.) Restored to wholeness or a perfect state; renewed.

Redintegrate (v. t.) To make whole again; a renew; to restore to integrity or soundness.

Redintegration (n.) Restoration to a whole or sound state; renewal; renovation.

Redintegration (n.) Restoration of a mixed body or matter to its former nature and state.

Redintegration (n.) The law that objects which have been previously combined as part of a single mental state tend to recall or suggest one another; -- adopted by many philosophers to explain the phenomena of the association of ideas.

Redirect (a.) Applied to the examination of a witness, by the party calling him, after the cross-examination.

Redisburse (v. t.) To disburse anew; to give, or pay, back.

Rediscover (v. t.) To discover again.

Redispose (v. t.) To dispose anew or again; to readjust; to rearrange.

Redisseize (v. t.) To disseize anew, or a second time.

Redisseizin (n.) A disseizin by one who once before was adjudged to have dassezed the same person of the same lands, etc.; also, a writ which lay in such a case.

Redisseizor (n.) One who redisseizes.

Redissolve (v. t.) To dissolve again.

Redistill (v. t.) To distill again.

Redistrainer (n.) One who distrains again.

Redistribute (v. t.) To distribute again.

Redistrict (v. t.) To divide into new districts.

Redition (n.) Act of returning; return.

Redivide (v. t.) To divide anew.

Redleg (n.) Alt. of Redlegs

Redlegs (n.) The redshank.

Redlegs (n.) The turnstone.

Red-letter (a.) Of or pertaining to a red letter; marked by red letters.

Redly (adv.) In a red manner; with redness.

Redmouth (n.) Any one of several species of marine food fishes of the genus Diabasis, or Haemulon, of the Southern United States, having the inside of the mouth bright red. Called also flannelmouth, and grunt.

Redness (n.) The quality or state of being red; red color.

Redolence (n.) Alt. of Redolency

Redolency (n.) The quality of being redolent; sweetness of scent; pleasant odor; fragrance.

Redolent (a.) Diffusing odor or fragrance; spreading sweet scent; scented; odorous; smelling; -- usually followed by of.

Redouble (v. t.) To double again or repeatedly; to increase by continued or repeated additions; to augment greatly; to multiply.

Redouble (v. i.) To become greatly or repeatedly increased; to be multiplied; to be greatly augmented; as, the noise redoubles.

Redoubt (n.) A small, and usually a roughly constructed, fort or outwork of varying shape, commonly erected for a temporary purpose, and without flanking defenses, -- used esp. in fortifying tops of hills and passes, and positions in hostile territory.

Redoubt (n.) In permanent works, an outwork placed within another outwork. See F and i in Illust. of Ravelin.

Redoubt (v. t.) To stand in dread of; to regard with fear; to dread.

Redoubtable (a.) Formidable; dread; terrible to foes; as, a redoubtable hero; hence, valiant; -- often in contempt or burlesque.

Redoubted (a.) Formidable; dread.

Redoubting (n.) Reverence; honor.

Redounded (imp. & p. p.) of Redound

Redounding (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Redound

Redound (v. i.) To roll back, as a wave or flood; to be sent or driven back; to flow back, as a consequence or effect; to conduce; to contribute; to result.

Redound (v. i.) To be in excess; to remain over and above; to be redundant; to overflow.

Redound (n.) The coming back, as of consequence or effect; result; return; requital.

Redound (n.) Rebound; reverberation.

Redowa (n.) A Bohemian dance of two kinds, one in triple time, like a waltz, the other in two-four time, like a polka. The former is most in use.

Redpole (n.) Same as Redpoll.

Redpoll (n.) Any one of several species of small northern finches of the genus Acanthis (formerly Aegiothus), native of Europe and America. The adults have the crown red or rosy. The male of the most common species (A. linarius) has also the breast and rump rosy. Called also redpoll linnet. See Illust. under Linnet.

Redpoll (n.) The common European linnet.

Redpoll (n.) The American redpoll warbler (Dendroica palmarum).

Redraft (v. t.) To draft or draw anew.

Redraft (n.) A second draft or copy.

Redraft (n.) A new bill of exchange which the holder of a protected bill draws on the drawer or indorsers, in order to recover the amount of the protested bill with costs and charges.

Redrew (imp.) of Redraw

Redrawn (p. p.) of Redraw

Redrawing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Redraw

Redraw (v. t.) To draw again; to make a second draft or copy of; to redraft.

Redraw (v. i.) To draw a new bill of exchange, as the holder of a protested bill, on the drawer or indorsers.

Redress (v. t.) To dress again.

Redress (v. t.) To put in order again; to set right; to emend; to revise.

Redress (v. t.) To set right, as a wrong; to repair, as an injury; to make amends for; to remedy; to relieve from.

Redress (v. t.) To make amends or compensation to; to relieve of anything unjust or oppressive; to bestow relief upon.

Redress (n.) The act of redressing; a making right; reformation; correction; amendment.

Redress (n.) A setting right, as of wrong, injury, or opression; as, the redress of grievances; hence, relief; remedy; reparation; indemnification.

Redress (n.) One who, or that which, gives relief; a redresser.

Redressal (n.) Redress.

Redresser (n.) One who redresses.

Redressible (a.) Such as may be redressed.

Redressive (a.) Tending to redress.

Redressless (a.) Not having redress; such as can not be redressed; irremediable.

Redressment (n.) The act of redressing; redress.

Red-riband (n.) The European red band fish, or fireflame. See Rend fish.

Redroot (n.) A name of several plants having red roots, as the New Jersey tea (see under Tea), the gromwell, the bloodroot, and the Lachnanthes tinctoria, an endogenous plant found in sandy swamps from Rhode Island to Florida.

Redsear (v. i.) To be brittle when red-hot; to be red-short.

Redshank (n.) A common Old World limicoline bird (Totanus calidris), having the legs and feet pale red. The spotted redshank (T. fuscus) is larger, and has orange-red legs. Called also redshanks, redleg, and clee.

Redshank (n.) The fieldfare.

Redshank (n.) A bare-legged person; -- a contemptuous appellation formerly given to the Scotch Highlanders, in allusion to their bare legs.

Red-short (a.) Hot-short; brittle when red-hot; -- said of certain kinds of iron.

Redskin (n.) A common appellation for a North American Indian; -- so called from the color of the skin.

Redstart (n.) A small, handsome European singing bird (Ruticilla phoenicurus), allied to the nightingale; -- called also redtail, brantail, fireflirt, firetail. The black redstart is P.tithys. The name is also applied to several other species of Ruticilla amnd allied genera, native of India.

Redstart (n.) An American fly-catching warbler (Setophaga ruticilla). The male is black, with large patches of orange-red on the sides, wings, and tail. The female is olive, with yellow patches.

Redstreak (n.) A kind of apple having the skin streaked with red and yellow, -- a favorite English cider apple.

Redstreak (n.) Cider pressed from redstreak apples.

Redtail (n.) The red-tailed hawk.

Redtail (n.) The European redstart.

Red-tailed (a.) Having a red tail.

Red-tape (a.) Pertaining to, or characterized by, official formality. See Red tape, under Red, a.

Red-tapism (n.) Strict adherence to official formalities.

Red-tapist (n.) One who is tenacious of a strict adherence to official formalities.

Redthroat (n.) A small Australian singing bird (Phyrrholaemus brunneus). The upper parts are brown, the center of the throat red.

Redtop (n.) A kind of grass (Agrostis vulgaris) highly valued in the United States for pasturage and hay for cattle; -- called also English grass, and in some localities herd's grass. See Illustration in Appendix. The tall redtop is Triodia seslerioides.

Redub (v. t.) To refit; to repair, or make reparation for; hence, to repay or requite.

Reduced (imp. & p. p.) of Reduce

Reducing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reduce

Reduce (n.) To bring or lead back to any former place or condition.

Reduce (n.) To bring to any inferior state, with respect to rank, size, quantity, quality, value, etc.; to diminish; to lower; to degrade; to impair; as, to reduce a sergeant to the ranks; to reduce a drawing; to reduce expenses; to reduce the intensity of heat.

Reduce (n.) To bring to terms; to humble; to conquer; to subdue; to capture; as, to reduce a province or a fort.

Reduce (n.) To bring to a certain state or condition by grinding, pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to reduce a substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to reduce fruit, wood, or paper rags, to pulp.

Reduce (n.) To bring into a certain order, arrangement, classification, etc.; to bring under rules or within certain limits of descriptions and terms adapted to use in computation; as, to reduce animals or vegetables to a class or classes; to reduce a series of observations in astronomy; to reduce language to rules.

Reduce (n.) To change, as numbers, from one denomination into another without altering their value, or from one denomination into others of the same value; as, to reduce pounds, shillings, and pence to pence, or to reduce pence to pounds; to reduce days and hours to minutes, or minutes to days and hours.

Reduce (n.) To change the form of a quantity or expression without altering its value; as, to reduce fractions to their lowest terms, to a common denominator, etc.

Reduce (n.) To bring to the metallic state by separating from impurities; hence, in general, to remove oxygen from; to deoxidize; to combine with, or to subject to the action of, hydrogen; as, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron; or metals are reduced from their ores; -- opposed to oxidize.

Reduce (n.) To restore to its proper place or condition, as a displaced organ or part; as, to reduce a dislocation, a fracture, or a hernia.

Reducement (n.) Reduction.

Reducent (a.) Tending to reduce.

Reducent (n.) A reducent agent.

Reducer (n.) One who, or that which, reduces.

Reducible (a.) Capable of being reduced.

Reducibleness (n.) Quality of being reducible.

Reducing () a & n. from Reduce.

Reduct (v. t..) To reduce.

Reductibility (n.) The quality of being reducible; reducibleness.

Reduction (n.) The act of reducing, or state of being reduced; conversion to a given state or condition; diminution; conquest; as, the reduction of a body to powder; the reduction of things to order; the reduction of the expenses of government; the reduction of a rebellious province.

Reduction (n.) The act or process of reducing. See Reduce, v. t., 6. and To reduce an equation, To reduce an expression, under Reduce, v. t.

Reduction (v. t.) The correction of observations for known errors of instruments, etc.

Reduction (v. t.) The preparation of the facts and measurements of observations in order to deduce a general result.

Reduction (v. t.) The process of making a copy of something, as a figure, design, or draught, on a smaller scale, preserving the proper proportions.

Reduction (v. t.) The bringing of a syllogism in one of the so-called imperfect modes into a mode in the first figure.

Reduction (v. t.) The act, process, or result of reducing; as, the reduction of iron from its ores; the reduction of aldehyde from alcohol.

Reduction (v. t.) The operation of restoring a dislocated or fractured part to its former place.

Reductive (a.) Tending to reduce; having the power or effect of reducing.

Reductive (n.) A reductive agent.

Reductively (adv.) By reduction; by consequence.

Reduit (n.) A central or retired work within any other work.

Redundance (n.) Alt. of Redundancy

Redundancy (n.) The quality or state of being redundant; superfluity; superabundance; excess.

Redundancy (n.) That which is redundant or in excess; anything superfluous or superabundant.

Redundancy (n.) Surplusage inserted in a pleading which may be rejected by the court without impairing the validity of what remains.

Redundant (a.) Exceeding what is natural or necessary; superabundant; exuberant; as, a redundant quantity of bile or food.

Redundant (a.) Using more worrds or images than are necessary or useful; pleonastic.

Redundantly (adv.) In a refundant manner.

Reduplicate (a.) Double; doubled; reduplicative; repeated.

Reduplicate (a.) Valvate with the margins curved outwardly; -- said of the /stivation of certain flowers.

Reduplicate (v. t.) To redouble; to multiply; to repeat.

Reduplicate (v. t.) To repeat the first letter or letters of (a word). See Reduplication, 3.

Reduplication (n.) The act of doubling, or the state of being doubled.

Reduplication (n.) A figure in which the first word of a verse is the same as the last word of the preceding verse.

Reduplication (n.) The doubling of a stem or syllable (more or less modified), with the effect of changing the time expressed, intensifying the meaning, or making the word more imitative; also, the syllable thus added; as, L. tetuli; poposci.

Reduplicative (a.) Double; formed by reduplication; reduplicate.

Reduvid (n.) Any hemipterous insect of the genus Redivius, or family Reduvidae. They live by sucking the blood of other insects, and some species also attack man.

Redweed (n.) The red poppy (Papaver Rhoeas).

Redwing (n.) A European thrush (Turdus iliacus). Its under wing coverts are orange red. Called also redwinged thrush. (b) A North American passerine bird (Agelarius ph/niceus) of the family Icteridae. The male is black, with a conspicuous patch of bright red, bordered with orange, on each wing. Called also redwinged blackbird, red-winged troupial, marsh blackbird, and swamp blackbird.

Redwithe (n.) A west Indian climbing shrub (Combretum Jacquini) with slender reddish branchlets.

Redwood (n.) A gigantic coniferous tree (Sequoia sempervirens) of California, and its light and durable reddish timber. See Sequoia.

Redwood (n.) An East Indian dyewood, obtained from Pterocarpus santalinus, Caesalpinia Sappan, and several other trees.

Ree (n.) See Rei.

Ree (v. t.) To riddle; to sift; to separate or throw off.

Reebok (n.) The peele.

Reecho (v. t.) To echo back; to reverberate again; as, the hills reecho the roar of cannon.

Reecho (v. i.) To give echoes; to return back, or be reverberated, as an echo; to resound; to be resonant.

Reecho (n.) The echo of an echo; a repeated or second echo.

Reechy (a.) Smoky; reeky; hence, begrimed with dirt.

Reed (a.) Red.

Reed (v. & n.) Same as Rede.

Reed (n.) The fourth stomach of a ruminant; rennet.

Reed (n.) A name given to many tall and coarse grasses or grasslike plants, and their slender, often jointed, stems, such as the various kinds of bamboo, and especially the common reed of Europe and North America (Phragmites communis).

Reed (n.) A musical instrument made of the hollow joint of some plant; a rustic or pastoral pipe.

Reed (n.) An arrow, as made of a reed.

Reed (n.) Straw prepared for thatching a roof.

Reed (n.) A small piece of cane or wood attached to the mouthpiece of certain instruments, and set in vibration by the breath. In the clarinet it is a single fiat reed; in the oboe and bassoon it is double, forming a compressed tube.

Reed (n.) One of the thin pieces of metal, the vibration of which produce the tones of a melodeon, accordeon, harmonium, or seraphine; also attached to certain sets or registers of pipes in an organ.

Reed (n.) A frame having parallel flat stripe of metal or reed, between which the warp threads pass, set in the swinging lathe or batten of a loom for beating up the weft; a sley. See Batten.

Reed (n.) A tube containing the train of powder for igniting the charge in blasting.

Reed (n.) Same as Reeding.

Reedbird (n.) The bobolink.

Reedbird (n.) One of several small Asiatic singing birds of the genera Sch/nicola and Eurycercus; -- called also reed babbler.

Reedbuck (n.) See Rietboc.

Reeded (a.) Civered with reeds; reedy.

Reeded (a.) Formed with channels and ridges like reeds.

Reeden (a.) Consisting of a reed or reeds.

Reedification (n.) The act reedifying; the state of being reedified.

Reedify (v. t.) To edify anew; to build again after destruction.

Reeding (n.) A small convex molding; a reed (see Illust. (i) of Molding); one of several set close together to decorate a surface; also, decoration by means of reedings; -- the reverse of fluting.

Reeding (n.) The nurling on the edge of a coin; -- commonly called milling.

Reedless (a.) Destitute of reeds; as, reedless banks.

Reedling (n.) The European bearded titmouse (Panurus biarmicus); -- called also reed bunting, bearded pinnock, and lesser butcher bird.

Reed-mace (n.) The cat-tail.

Reedwork (n.) A collective name for the reed stops of an organ.

Reedy (a.) Abounding with reeds; covered with reeds.

Reedy (a.) Having the quality of reed in tone, that is, ///// and thin^ as some voices.

Reef (n.) A chain or range of rocks lying at or near the surface of the water. See Coral reefs, under Coral.

Reef (n.) A large vein of auriferous quartz; -- so called in Australia. Hence, any body of rock yielding valuable ore.

Reef (v. t.) That part of a sail which is taken in or let out by means of the reef points, in order to adapt the size of the sail to the force of the wind.

Reefed (imp. & p. p.) of Reef

Reefing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reef

Reef (v. t.) To reduce the extent of (as a sail) by roiling or folding a certain portion of it and making it fast to the yard or spar.

Reef-band (n.) A piece of canvas sewed across a sail to strengthen it in the part where the eyelet holes for reefing are made.

Reefer (n.) One who reefs; -- a name often given to midshipmen.

Reefer (n.) A close-fitting lacket or short coat of thick cloth.

Reefing (n.) The process of taking in a reef.

Reefy (a.) Full of reefs or rocks.

Reek (n.) A rick.

Reek (n.) Vapor; steam; smoke; fume.

Reeked (imp. & p. p.) of Reek

Reeking (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reek

Reek (v. i.) To emit vapor, usually that which is warm and moist; to be full of fumes; to steam; to smoke; to exhale.

Reeky (a.) Soiled with smoke or steam; smoky; foul.

Reeky (a.) Emitting reek.

Reel (n.) A lively dance of the Highlanders of Scotland; also, the music to the dance; -- often called Scotch reel.

Reel (n.) A frame with radial arms, or a kind of spool, turning on an axis, on which yarn, threads, lines, or the like, are wound; as, a log reel, used by seamen; an angler's reel; a garden reel.

Reel (n.) A machine on which yarn is wound and measured into lays and hanks, -- for cotton or linen it is fifty-four inches in circuit; for worsted, thirty inches.

Reel (n.) A device consisting of radial arms with horizontal stats, connected with a harvesting machine, for holding the stalks of grain in position to be cut by the knives.

Reeled (imp. & p. p.) of Reel

Reeling (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Reel

Reel (v. t.) To roll.

Reel (v. t.) To wind upon a reel, as yarn or thread.

Reel (v. i.) To incline, in walking, from one side to the other; to stagger.

Reel (v. i.) To have a whirling sensation; to be giddy.

Reel (n.) The act or motion of reeling or staggering; as, a drunken reel.

Reelect (v. t.) To elect again; as, to reelect the former governor.

Reelection (n.) Election a second time, or anew; as, the reelection of a former chief.

Reeler (n.) One who reels.

Reeler (n.) The grasshopper warbler; -- so called from its note.

Reeligible (a.) Eligible again; capable of reelection; as, reeligible to the same office.

Reem (n.) The Hebrew name of a horned wild animal, probably the Urus.

Reem (v. t.) To open (the seams of a vessel's planking) for the purpose of calking them.

Reembark (v. t. & i.) To put, or go, on board a vessel again; to embark again.

Reembarkation (n.) A putting, or going, on board a vessel again.